1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  The Android Open Source
7  * Project designates this particular file as subject to the "Classpath"
8  * exception as provided by The Android Open Source Project in the LICENSE
9  * file that accompanied this code.
10  *
11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15  * accompanied this code).
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 package java.time.zone;
23 
24 import android.icu.util.AnnualTimeZoneRule;
25 import android.icu.util.BasicTimeZone;
26 import android.icu.util.DateTimeRule;
27 import android.icu.util.InitialTimeZoneRule;
28 import android.icu.util.TimeZone;
29 import android.icu.util.TimeZoneRule;
30 import android.icu.util.TimeZoneTransition;
31 import java.time.DayOfWeek;
32 import java.time.LocalTime;
33 import java.time.Month;
34 import java.time.ZoneOffset;
35 import java.util.ArrayList;
36 import java.util.Collections;
37 import java.util.HashSet;
38 import java.util.List;
39 import java.util.NavigableMap;
40 import java.util.Set;
41 import java.util.TreeMap;
42 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
43 import libcore.util.BasicLruCache;
44 
45 /**
46  * A ZoneRulesProvider that generates rules from ICU4J TimeZones.
47  * This provider ensures that classes in {@link java.time} use the same time zone information
48  * as ICU4J.
49  */
50 public class IcuZoneRulesProvider extends ZoneRulesProvider {
51 
52     // Arbitrary upper limit to number of transitions including the final rules.
53     private static final int MAX_TRANSITIONS = 10000;
54 
55     private static final int SECONDS_IN_DAY = 24 * 60 * 60;
56 
57     private final BasicLruCache<String, ZoneRules> cache = new ZoneRulesCache(8);
58 
59     @Override
provideZoneIds()60     protected Set<String> provideZoneIds() {
61         Set<String> zoneIds = TimeZone.getAvailableIDs(TimeZone.SystemTimeZoneType.ANY, null, null);
62         zoneIds = new HashSet<>(zoneIds);
63         // java.time assumes ZoneId that start with "GMT" fit the pattern "GMT+HH:mm:ss" which these
64         // do not. Since they are equivalent to GMT, just remove these aliases.
65         zoneIds.remove("GMT+0");
66         zoneIds.remove("GMT-0");
67         return zoneIds;
68     }
69 
70     @Override
provideRules(String zoneId, boolean forCaching)71     protected ZoneRules provideRules(String zoneId, boolean forCaching) {
72         // Ignore forCaching, as this is a static provider.
73         return cache.get(zoneId);
74     }
75 
76     @Override
provideVersions(String zoneId)77     protected NavigableMap<String, ZoneRules> provideVersions(String zoneId) {
78         return new TreeMap<>(
79                 Collections.singletonMap(TimeZone.getTZDataVersion(),
80                         provideRules(zoneId, /* forCaching */ false)));
81     }
82 
83     /*
84      * This implementation is only tested with BasicTimeZone objects and depends on
85      * implementation details of that class:
86      *
87      * 0. TimeZone.getFrozenTimeZone() always returns a BasicTimeZone object.
88      * 1. The first rule is always an InitialTimeZoneRule (guaranteed by spec).
89      * 2. AnnualTimeZoneRules are only used as "final rules".
90      * 3. The final rules are either 0 or 2 AnnualTimeZoneRules
91      * 4. The final rules have endYear set to MAX_YEAR.
92      * 5. Each transition generated by the rules changes either the raw offset, the total offset
93      *    or both.
94      * 6. There is a non-immense number of transitions for any rule before the final rules apply
95      *    (enforced via the arbitrary limit defined in MAX_TRANSITIONS).
96      *
97      * Assumptions #5 and #6 are not strictly required for this code to work, but hold for the
98      * the data and code at the time of implementation. If they were broken they would indicate
99      * an incomplete understanding of how ICU TimeZoneRules are used which would probably mean that
100      * this code needs to be updated.
101      *
102      * These assumptions are verified using the verify() method where appropriate.
103      */
generateZoneRules(String zoneId)104     static ZoneRules generateZoneRules(String zoneId) {
105         TimeZone timeZone = TimeZone.getFrozenTimeZone(zoneId);
106         // Assumption #0
107         verify(timeZone instanceof BasicTimeZone, zoneId,
108                 "Unexpected time zone class " + timeZone.getClass());
109         BasicTimeZone tz = (BasicTimeZone) timeZone;
110         TimeZoneRule[] rules = tz.getTimeZoneRules();
111         // Assumption #1
112         InitialTimeZoneRule initial = (InitialTimeZoneRule) rules[0];
113 
114         ZoneOffset baseStandardOffset = millisToOffset(initial.getRawOffset());
115         ZoneOffset baseWallOffset =
116                 millisToOffset((initial.getRawOffset() + initial.getDSTSavings()));
117 
118         List<ZoneOffsetTransition> standardOffsetTransitionList = new ArrayList<>();
119         List<ZoneOffsetTransition> transitionList = new ArrayList<>();
120         List<ZoneOffsetTransitionRule> lastRules = new ArrayList<>();
121 
122         int preLastDstSavings = 0;
123         AnnualTimeZoneRule last1 = null;
124         AnnualTimeZoneRule last2 = null;
125 
126         TimeZoneTransition transition = tz.getNextTransition(Long.MIN_VALUE, false);
127         int transitionCount = 1;
128         // This loop has two possible exit conditions (in normal operation):
129         // 1. for zones that end with a static value and have no ongoing DST changes, it will exit
130         //    via the normal condition (transition != null)
131         // 2. for zones with ongoing DST changes (represented by a "final zone" in ICU4J, and by
132         //    "last rules" in java.time) the "break transitionLoop" will be used to exit the loop.
133         transitionLoop:
134         while (transition != null) {
135             TimeZoneRule from = transition.getFrom();
136             TimeZoneRule to = transition.getTo();
137             boolean hadEffect = false;
138             if (from.getRawOffset() != to.getRawOffset()) {
139                 standardOffsetTransitionList.add(new ZoneOffsetTransition(
140                         TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(transition.getTime()),
141                         millisToOffset(from.getRawOffset()),
142                         millisToOffset(to.getRawOffset())));
143                 hadEffect = true;
144             }
145             int fromTotalOffset = from.getRawOffset() + from.getDSTSavings();
146             int toTotalOffset = to.getRawOffset() + to.getDSTSavings();
147             if (fromTotalOffset != toTotalOffset) {
148                 transitionList.add(new ZoneOffsetTransition(
149                         TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(transition.getTime()),
150                         millisToOffset(fromTotalOffset),
151                         millisToOffset(toTotalOffset)));
152                 hadEffect = true;
153             }
154             // Assumption #5
155             verify(hadEffect, zoneId, "Transition changed neither total nor raw offset.");
156             if (to instanceof AnnualTimeZoneRule) {
157                 // The presence of an AnnualTimeZoneRule is taken as an indication of a final rule.
158                 if (last1 == null) {
159                     preLastDstSavings = from.getDSTSavings();
160                     last1 = (AnnualTimeZoneRule) to;
161                     // Assumption #4
162                     verify(last1.getEndYear() == AnnualTimeZoneRule.MAX_YEAR, zoneId,
163                             "AnnualTimeZoneRule is not permanent.");
164                 } else {
165                     last2 = (AnnualTimeZoneRule) to;
166                     // Assumption #4
167                     verify(last2.getEndYear() == AnnualTimeZoneRule.MAX_YEAR, zoneId,
168                             "AnnualTimeZoneRule is not permanent.");
169 
170                     // Assumption #3
171                     transition = tz.getNextTransition(transition.getTime(), false);
172                     verify(transition.getTo() == last1, zoneId,
173                             "Unexpected rule after 2 AnnualTimeZoneRules.");
174                     break transitionLoop;
175                 }
176             } else {
177                 // Assumption #2
178                 verify(last1 == null, zoneId, "Unexpected rule after AnnualTimeZoneRule.");
179             }
180             verify(transitionCount <= MAX_TRANSITIONS, zoneId,
181                     "More than " + MAX_TRANSITIONS + " transitions.");
182             transition = tz.getNextTransition(transition.getTime(), false);
183             transitionCount++;
184         }
185         if (last1 != null) {
186             // Assumption #3
187             verify(last2 != null, zoneId, "Only one AnnualTimeZoneRule.");
188             lastRules.add(toZoneOffsetTransitionRule(last1, preLastDstSavings));
189             lastRules.add(toZoneOffsetTransitionRule(last2, last1.getDSTSavings()));
190         }
191 
192         return ZoneRules.of(baseStandardOffset, baseWallOffset, standardOffsetTransitionList,
193                 transitionList, lastRules);
194     }
195 
196     /**
197      * Verify an assumption about the zone rules.
198      *
199      * @param check
200      *         {@code true} if the assumption holds, {@code false} otherwise.
201      * @param zoneId
202      *         Zone ID for which to check.
203      * @param message
204      *         Error description of a failed check.
205      * @throws ZoneRulesException
206      *         If and only if {@code check} is {@code false}.
207      */
verify(boolean check, String zoneId, String message)208     private static void verify(boolean check, String zoneId, String message) {
209         if (!check) {
210             throw new ZoneRulesException(
211                     String.format("Failed verification of zone %s: %s", zoneId, message));
212         }
213     }
214 
215     /**
216      * Transform an {@link AnnualTimeZoneRule} into an equivalent {@link ZoneOffsetTransitionRule}.
217      * This is only used for the "final rules".
218      *
219      * @param rule
220      *         The rule to transform.
221      * @param dstSavingMillisBefore
222      *         The DST offset before the first transition in milliseconds.
223      */
toZoneOffsetTransitionRule( AnnualTimeZoneRule rule, int dstSavingMillisBefore)224     private static ZoneOffsetTransitionRule toZoneOffsetTransitionRule(
225             AnnualTimeZoneRule rule, int dstSavingMillisBefore) {
226         DateTimeRule dateTimeRule = rule.getRule();
227         // Calendar.JANUARY is 0, transform it into a proper Month.
228         Month month = Month.JANUARY.plus(dateTimeRule.getRuleMonth());
229         int dayOfMonthIndicator;
230         // Calendar.SUNDAY is 1, transform it into a proper DayOfWeek.
231         DayOfWeek dayOfWeek = DayOfWeek.SATURDAY.plus(dateTimeRule.getRuleDayOfWeek());
232         switch (dateTimeRule.getDateRuleType()) {
233             case DateTimeRule.DOM:
234                 // Transition always on a specific day of the month.
235                 dayOfMonthIndicator = dateTimeRule.getRuleDayOfMonth();
236                 dayOfWeek = null;
237                 break;
238             case DateTimeRule.DOW_GEQ_DOM:
239                 // ICU representation matches java.time representation.
240                 dayOfMonthIndicator = dateTimeRule.getRuleDayOfMonth();
241                 break;
242             case DateTimeRule.DOW_LEQ_DOM:
243                 // java.time uses a negative dayOfMonthIndicator to represent "Sun<=X" or "lastSun"
244                 // rules. ICU uses this constant and the normal day. So "lastSun" in January would
245                 // ruleDayOfMonth = 31 in ICU and dayOfMonthIndicator = -1 in java.time.
246                 dayOfMonthIndicator = -month.maxLength() + dateTimeRule.getRuleDayOfMonth() - 1;
247                 break;
248             case DateTimeRule.DOW:
249                 // DOW is unspecified in the documentation and seems to never be used.
250                 throw new ZoneRulesException("Date rule type DOW is unsupported");
251             default:
252                 throw new ZoneRulesException(
253                         "Unexpected date rule type: " + dateTimeRule.getDateRuleType());
254         }
255         // Cast to int is save, as input is int.
256         int secondOfDay = (int) TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(dateTimeRule.getRuleMillisInDay());
257         LocalTime time;
258         boolean timeEndOfDay;
259         if (secondOfDay == SECONDS_IN_DAY) {
260             time = LocalTime.MIDNIGHT;
261             timeEndOfDay = true;
262         } else {
263             time = LocalTime.ofSecondOfDay(secondOfDay);
264             timeEndOfDay = false;
265         }
266         ZoneOffsetTransitionRule.TimeDefinition timeDefinition;
267         switch (dateTimeRule.getTimeRuleType()) {
268             case DateTimeRule.WALL_TIME:
269                 timeDefinition = ZoneOffsetTransitionRule.TimeDefinition.WALL;
270                 break;
271             case DateTimeRule.STANDARD_TIME:
272                 timeDefinition = ZoneOffsetTransitionRule.TimeDefinition.STANDARD;
273                 break;
274             case DateTimeRule.UTC_TIME:
275                 timeDefinition = ZoneOffsetTransitionRule.TimeDefinition.UTC;
276                 break;
277             default:
278                 throw new ZoneRulesException(
279                         "Unexpected time rule type " + dateTimeRule.getTimeRuleType());
280         }
281         ZoneOffset standardOffset = millisToOffset(rule.getRawOffset());
282         ZoneOffset offsetBefore = millisToOffset(rule.getRawOffset() + dstSavingMillisBefore);
283         ZoneOffset offsetAfter = millisToOffset(
284                 rule.getRawOffset() + rule.getDSTSavings());
285         return ZoneOffsetTransitionRule.of(
286                 month, dayOfMonthIndicator, dayOfWeek, time, timeEndOfDay, timeDefinition,
287                 standardOffset, offsetBefore, offsetAfter);
288     }
289 
millisToOffset(int offset)290     private static ZoneOffset millisToOffset(int offset) {
291         // Cast to int is save, as input is int.
292         return ZoneOffset.ofTotalSeconds((int) TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(offset));
293     }
294 
295     private static class ZoneRulesCache extends BasicLruCache<String, ZoneRules> {
296 
ZoneRulesCache(int maxSize)297         ZoneRulesCache(int maxSize) {
298             super(maxSize);
299         }
300 
301         @Override
create(String zoneId)302         protected ZoneRules create(String zoneId) {
303             String canonicalId = TimeZone.getCanonicalID(zoneId);
304             if (!canonicalId.equals(zoneId)) {
305                 // Return the same object as the canonical one, to avoid wasting space, but cache
306                 // it under the non-cannonical name as well, to avoid future getCanonicalID calls.
307                 return get(canonicalId);
308             }
309             return generateZoneRules(zoneId);
310         }
311     }
312 }
313