1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 package android.security;
17 
18 import android.annotation.NonNull;
19 import android.annotation.Nullable;
20 import android.annotation.SdkConstant;
21 import android.annotation.SdkConstant.SdkConstantType;
22 import android.annotation.WorkerThread;
23 import android.app.Activity;
24 import android.app.PendingIntent;
25 import android.app.Service;
26 import android.content.ComponentName;
27 import android.content.Context;
28 import android.content.Intent;
29 import android.content.ServiceConnection;
30 import android.net.Uri;
31 import android.os.Binder;
32 import android.os.IBinder;
33 import android.os.Looper;
34 import android.os.Process;
35 import android.os.RemoteException;
36 import android.os.UserHandle;
37 import android.security.keystore.AndroidKeyStoreProvider;
38 import android.security.keystore.KeyPermanentlyInvalidatedException;
39 import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
40 
41 import com.android.org.conscrypt.TrustedCertificateStore;
42 
43 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
44 import java.io.Closeable;
45 import java.io.Serializable;
46 import java.security.KeyPair;
47 import java.security.Principal;
48 import java.security.PrivateKey;
49 import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
50 import java.security.cert.Certificate;
51 import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
52 import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
53 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
54 import java.util.ArrayList;
55 import java.util.Collection;
56 import java.util.List;
57 import java.util.Locale;
58 import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
59 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
60 
61 import javax.security.auth.x500.X500Principal;
62 
63 /**
64  * The {@code KeyChain} class provides access to private keys and
65  * their corresponding certificate chains in credential storage.
66  *
67  * <p>Applications accessing the {@code KeyChain} normally go through
68  * these steps:
69  *
70  * <ol>
71  *
72  * <li>Receive a callback from an {@link javax.net.ssl.X509KeyManager
73  * X509KeyManager} that a private key is requested.
74  *
75  * <li>Call {@link #choosePrivateKeyAlias
76  * choosePrivateKeyAlias} to allow the user to select from a
77  * list of currently available private keys and corresponding
78  * certificate chains. The chosen alias will be returned by the
79  * callback {@link KeyChainAliasCallback#alias}, or null if no private
80  * key is available or the user cancels the request.
81  *
82  * <li>Call {@link #getPrivateKey} and {@link #getCertificateChain} to
83  * retrieve the credentials to return to the corresponding {@link
84  * javax.net.ssl.X509KeyManager} callbacks.
85  *
86  * </ol>
87  *
88  * <p>An application may remember the value of a selected alias to
89  * avoid prompting the user with {@link #choosePrivateKeyAlias
90  * choosePrivateKeyAlias} on subsequent connections. If the alias is
91  * no longer valid, null will be returned on lookups using that value
92  *
93  * <p>An application can request the installation of private keys and
94  * certificates via the {@code Intent} provided by {@link
95  * #createInstallIntent}. Private keys installed via this {@code
96  * Intent} will be accessible via {@link #choosePrivateKeyAlias} while
97  * Certificate Authority (CA) certificates will be trusted by all
98  * applications through the default {@code X509TrustManager}.
99  */
100 // TODO reference intent for credential installation when public
101 public final class KeyChain {
102 
103     /**
104      * @hide Also used by KeyChainService implementation
105      */
106     public static final String ACCOUNT_TYPE = "com.android.keychain";
107 
108     /**
109      * Package name for KeyChain chooser.
110      */
111     private static final String KEYCHAIN_PACKAGE = "com.android.keychain";
112 
113     /**
114      * Action to bring up the KeyChainActivity
115      */
116     private static final String ACTION_CHOOSER = "com.android.keychain.CHOOSER";
117 
118     /**
119      * Package name for the Certificate Installer.
120      */
121     private static final String CERT_INSTALLER_PACKAGE = "com.android.certinstaller";
122 
123     /**
124      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
125      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
126      */
127     public static final String EXTRA_RESPONSE = "response";
128 
129     /**
130      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
131      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
132      */
133     public static final String EXTRA_URI = "uri";
134 
135     /**
136      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
137      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
138      */
139     public static final String EXTRA_ALIAS = "alias";
140 
141     /**
142      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
143      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
144      */
145     public static final String EXTRA_SENDER = "sender";
146 
147     /**
148      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
149      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
150      */
151     public static final String EXTRA_KEY_TYPES = "key_types";
152 
153     /**
154      * Extra for use with {@link #ACTION_CHOOSER}
155      * @hide Also used by KeyChainActivity implementation
156      */
157     public static final String EXTRA_ISSUERS = "issuers";
158 
159     /**
160      * Action to bring up the CertInstaller.
161      */
162     private static final String ACTION_INSTALL = "android.credentials.INSTALL";
163 
164     /**
165      * Optional extra to specify a {@code String} credential name on
166      * the {@code Intent} returned by {@link #createInstallIntent}.
167      */
168     // Compatible with old com.android.certinstaller.CredentialHelper.CERT_NAME_KEY
169     public static final String EXTRA_NAME = "name";
170 
171     /**
172      * Optional extra to specify an X.509 certificate to install on
173      * the {@code Intent} returned by {@link #createInstallIntent}.
174      * The extra value should be a PEM or ASN.1 DER encoded {@code
175      * byte[]}. An {@link X509Certificate} can be converted to DER
176      * encoded bytes with {@link X509Certificate#getEncoded}.
177      *
178      * <p>{@link #EXTRA_NAME} may be used to provide a default alias
179      * name for the installed certificate.
180      */
181     // Compatible with old android.security.Credentials.CERTIFICATE
182     public static final String EXTRA_CERTIFICATE = "CERT";
183 
184     /**
185      * Optional extra for use with the {@code Intent} returned by
186      * {@link #createInstallIntent} to specify a PKCS#12 key store to
187      * install. The extra value should be a {@code byte[]}. The bytes
188      * may come from an external source or be generated with {@link
189      * java.security.KeyStore#store} on a "PKCS12" instance.
190      *
191      * <p>The user will be prompted for the password to load the key store.
192      *
193      * <p>The key store will be scanned for {@link
194      * java.security.KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry} entries and both the
195      * private key and associated certificate chain will be installed.
196      *
197      * <p>{@link #EXTRA_NAME} may be used to provide a default alias
198      * name for the installed credentials.
199      */
200     // Compatible with old android.security.Credentials.PKCS12
201     public static final String EXTRA_PKCS12 = "PKCS12";
202 
203     /**
204      * Broadcast Action: Indicates the trusted storage has changed. Sent when
205      * one of this happens:
206      *
207      * <ul>
208      * <li>a new CA is added,
209      * <li>an existing CA is removed or disabled,
210      * <li>a disabled CA is enabled,
211      * <li>trusted storage is reset (all user certs are cleared),
212      * <li>when permission to access a private key is changed.
213      * </ul>
214      *
215      * @deprecated Use {@link #ACTION_KEYCHAIN_CHANGED}, {@link #ACTION_TRUST_STORE_CHANGED} or
216      * {@link #ACTION_KEY_ACCESS_CHANGED}. Apps that target a version higher than
217      * {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#N_MR1} will only receive this broadcast if they
218      * register for it at runtime.
219      */
220     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
221     public static final String ACTION_STORAGE_CHANGED = "android.security.STORAGE_CHANGED";
222 
223     /**
224      * Broadcast Action: Indicates the contents of the keychain has changed. Sent when a KeyChain
225      * entry is added, modified or removed.
226      */
227     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
228     public static final String ACTION_KEYCHAIN_CHANGED = "android.security.action.KEYCHAIN_CHANGED";
229 
230     /**
231      * Broadcast Action: Indicates the contents of the trusted certificate store has changed. Sent
232      * when one the following occurs:
233      *
234      * <ul>
235      * <li>A pre-installed CA is disabled or re-enabled</li>
236      * <li>A CA is added or removed from the trust store</li>
237      * </ul>
238      */
239     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
240     public static final String ACTION_TRUST_STORE_CHANGED =
241             "android.security.action.TRUST_STORE_CHANGED";
242 
243     /**
244      * Broadcast Action: Indicates that the access permissions for a private key have changed.
245      *
246      */
247     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
248     public static final String ACTION_KEY_ACCESS_CHANGED =
249             "android.security.action.KEY_ACCESS_CHANGED";
250 
251     /**
252      * Used as a String extra field in {@link #ACTION_KEY_ACCESS_CHANGED} to supply the alias of
253      * the key.
254      */
255     public static final String EXTRA_KEY_ALIAS = "android.security.extra.KEY_ALIAS";
256 
257     /**
258      * Used as a boolean extra field in {@link #ACTION_KEY_ACCESS_CHANGED} to supply if the key is
259      * accessible to the application.
260      */
261     public static final String EXTRA_KEY_ACCESSIBLE = "android.security.extra.KEY_ACCESSIBLE";
262 
263     /**
264      * Indicates that a call to {@link #generateKeyPair} was successful.
265      * @hide
266      */
267     public static final int KEY_GEN_SUCCESS = 0;
268 
269     /**
270      * An alias was missing from the key specifications when calling {@link #generateKeyPair}.
271      * @hide
272      */
273     public static final int KEY_GEN_MISSING_ALIAS = 1;
274 
275     /**
276      * A key attestation challenge was provided to {@link #generateKeyPair}, but it shouldn't
277      * have been provided.
278      * @hide
279      */
280     public static final int KEY_GEN_SUPERFLUOUS_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE = 2;
281 
282     /**
283      * Algorithm not supported by {@link #generateKeyPair}
284      * @hide
285      */
286     public static final int KEY_GEN_NO_SUCH_ALGORITHM = 3;
287 
288     /**
289      * Invalid algorithm parameters when calling {@link #generateKeyPair}
290      * @hide
291      */
292     public static final int KEY_GEN_INVALID_ALGORITHM_PARAMETERS = 4;
293 
294     /**
295      * Keystore is not available when calling {@link #generateKeyPair}
296      * @hide
297      */
298     public static final int KEY_GEN_NO_KEYSTORE_PROVIDER = 5;
299 
300     /**
301      * StrongBox unavailable when calling {@link #generateKeyPair}
302      * @hide
303      */
304     public static final int KEY_GEN_STRONGBOX_UNAVAILABLE = 6;
305 
306     /**
307      * General failure while calling {@link #generateKeyPair}
308      * @hide
309      */
310     public static final int KEY_GEN_FAILURE = 7;
311 
312     /**
313      * Successful call to {@link #attestKey}
314      * @hide
315      */
316     public static final int KEY_ATTESTATION_SUCCESS = 0;
317 
318     /**
319      * Attestation challenge missing when calling {@link #attestKey}
320      * @hide
321      */
322     public static final int KEY_ATTESTATION_MISSING_CHALLENGE = 1;
323 
324     /**
325      * The caller requested Device ID attestation when calling {@link #attestKey}, but has no
326      * permissions to get device identifiers.
327      * @hide
328      */
329     public static final int KEY_ATTESTATION_CANNOT_COLLECT_DATA = 2;
330 
331     /**
332      * The underlying hardware does not support Device ID attestation or cannot attest to the
333      * identifiers that are stored on the device. This indicates permanent inability
334      * to get attestation records on the device.
335      * @hide
336      */
337     public static final int KEY_ATTESTATION_CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS = 3;
338 
339     /**
340      * General failure when calling {@link #attestKey}
341      * @hide
342      */
343     public static final int KEY_ATTESTATION_FAILURE = 4;
344 
345     /**
346      * Used by DPC or delegated app in
347      * {@link android.app.admin.DeviceAdminReceiver#onChoosePrivateKeyAlias} or
348      * {@link android.app.admin.DelegatedAdminReceiver#onChoosePrivateKeyAlias} to identify that
349      * the requesting app is not granted access to any key, and nor will the user be able to grant
350      * access manually.
351      */
352     public static final String KEY_ALIAS_SELECTION_DENIED =
353             "android:alias-selection-denied";
354 
355     /**
356      * Returns an {@code Intent} that can be used for credential
357      * installation. The intent may be used without any extras, in
358      * which case the user will be able to install credentials from
359      * their own source.
360      *
361      * <p>Alternatively, {@link #EXTRA_CERTIFICATE} or {@link
362      * #EXTRA_PKCS12} maybe used to specify the bytes of an X.509
363      * certificate or a PKCS#12 key store for installation. These
364      * extras may be combined with {@link #EXTRA_NAME} to provide a
365      * default alias name for credentials being installed.
366      *
367      * <p>When used with {@link Activity#startActivityForResult},
368      * {@link Activity#RESULT_OK} will be returned if a credential was
369      * successfully installed, otherwise {@link
370      * Activity#RESULT_CANCELED} will be returned.
371      */
372     @NonNull
createInstallIntent()373     public static Intent createInstallIntent() {
374         Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_INSTALL);
375         intent.setClassName(CERT_INSTALLER_PACKAGE,
376                             "com.android.certinstaller.CertInstallerMain");
377         return intent;
378     }
379 
380     /**
381      * Launches an {@code Activity} for the user to select the alias
382      * for a private key and certificate pair for authentication. The
383      * selected alias or null will be returned via the
384      * KeyChainAliasCallback callback.
385      *
386      * <p>A device policy controller (as a device or profile owner) can
387      * intercept the request before the activity is shown, to pick a
388      * specific private key alias by implementing
389      * {@link android.app.admin.DeviceAdminReceiver#onChoosePrivateKeyAlias
390      * onChoosePrivateKeyAlias}.
391      *
392      * <p>{@code keyTypes} and {@code issuers} may be used to
393      * narrow down suggested choices to the user. If either {@code keyTypes}
394      * or {@code issuers} is specified and non-empty, and there are no
395      * matching certificates in the KeyChain, then the certificate
396      * selection prompt would be suppressed entirely.
397      *
398      * <p>{@code host} and {@code port} may be used to give the user
399      * more context about the server requesting the credentials.
400      *
401      * <p>{@code alias} allows the caller to preselect an existing
402      * alias which will still be subject to user confirmation.
403      *
404      * @param activity The {@link Activity} context to use for
405      *     launching the new sub-Activity to prompt the user to select
406      *     a private key; used only to call startActivity(); must not
407      *     be null.
408      * @param response Callback to invoke when the request completes;
409      *     must not be null.
410      * @param keyTypes The acceptable types of asymmetric keys such as
411      *     "RSA", "EC" or null.
412      * @param issuers The acceptable certificate issuers for the
413      *     certificate matching the private key, or null.
414      * @param host The host name of the server requesting the
415      *     certificate, or null if unavailable.
416      * @param port The port number of the server requesting the
417      *     certificate, or -1 if unavailable.
418      * @param alias The alias to preselect if available, or null if
419      *     unavailable.
420      */
choosePrivateKeyAlias(@onNull Activity activity, @NonNull KeyChainAliasCallback response, @Nullable @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String[] keyTypes, @Nullable Principal[] issuers, @Nullable String host, int port, @Nullable String alias)421     public static void choosePrivateKeyAlias(@NonNull Activity activity,
422             @NonNull KeyChainAliasCallback response,
423             @Nullable @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String[] keyTypes,
424             @Nullable Principal[] issuers,
425             @Nullable String host, int port, @Nullable String alias) {
426         Uri uri = null;
427         if (host != null) {
428             uri = new Uri.Builder()
429                     .authority(host + (port != -1 ? ":" + port : ""))
430                     .build();
431         }
432         choosePrivateKeyAlias(activity, response, keyTypes, issuers, uri, alias);
433     }
434 
435     /**
436      * Launches an {@code Activity} for the user to select the alias
437      * for a private key and certificate pair for authentication. The
438      * selected alias or null will be returned via the
439      * KeyChainAliasCallback callback.
440      *
441      * <p>A device policy controller (as a device or profile owner) can
442      * intercept the request before the activity is shown, to pick a
443      * specific private key alias by implementing
444      * {@link android.app.admin.DeviceAdminReceiver#onChoosePrivateKeyAlias
445      * onChoosePrivateKeyAlias}.
446      *
447      * <p>{@code keyTypes} and {@code issuers} may be used to
448      * narrow down suggested choices to the user. If either {@code keyTypes}
449      * or {@code issuers} is specified and non-empty, and there are no
450      * matching certificates in the KeyChain, then the certificate
451      * selection prompt would be suppressed entirely.
452      *
453      * <p>{@code uri} may be used to give the user more context about
454      * the server requesting the credentials.
455      *
456      * <p>{@code alias} allows the caller to preselect an existing
457      * alias which will still be subject to user confirmation.
458      *
459      * @param activity The {@link Activity} context to use for
460      *     launching the new sub-Activity to prompt the user to select
461      *     a private key; used only to call startActivity(); must not
462      *     be null.
463      * @param response Callback to invoke when the request completes;
464      *     must not be null.
465      * @param keyTypes The acceptable types of asymmetric keys such as
466      *     "RSA", "EC" or null.
467      * @param issuers The acceptable certificate issuers for the
468      *     certificate matching the private key, or null.
469      * @param uri The full URI the server is requesting the certificate
470      *     for, or null if unavailable.
471      * @param alias The alias to preselect if available, or null if
472      *     unavailable.
473      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified issuers are not
474      *     of type {@code X500Principal}.
475      */
choosePrivateKeyAlias(@onNull Activity activity, @NonNull KeyChainAliasCallback response, @Nullable @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String[] keyTypes, @Nullable Principal[] issuers, @Nullable Uri uri, @Nullable String alias)476     public static void choosePrivateKeyAlias(@NonNull Activity activity,
477             @NonNull KeyChainAliasCallback response,
478             @Nullable @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String[] keyTypes,
479             @Nullable Principal[] issuers,
480             @Nullable Uri uri, @Nullable String alias) {
481         /*
482          * Specifying keyTypes excludes certificates with different key types
483          * from the list of certificates presented to the user.
484          * In practice today, most servers would require RSA or EC
485          * certificates.
486          *
487          * Specifying issuers narrows down the list by filtering out
488          * certificates with issuers which are not matching the provided ones.
489          * This has been reported to Chrome several times (crbug.com/731769).
490          * There's no concrete description on what to do when the client has no
491          * certificates that match the provided issuers.
492          * To be conservative, Android will not present the user with any
493          * certificates to choose from.
494          * If the list of issuers is empty then the client may send any
495          * certificate, see:
496          * https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.4
497          */
498         if (activity == null) {
499             throw new NullPointerException("activity == null");
500         }
501         if (response == null) {
502             throw new NullPointerException("response == null");
503         }
504         Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_CHOOSER);
505         intent.setPackage(KEYCHAIN_PACKAGE);
506         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_RESPONSE, new AliasResponse(response));
507         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_URI, uri);
508         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_ALIAS, alias);
509         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_KEY_TYPES, keyTypes);
510         ArrayList<byte[]> issuersList = new ArrayList();
511         if (issuers != null) {
512             for (Principal issuer: issuers) {
513                 // In a TLS client context (like Chrome), issuers would only
514                 // be specified as X500Principals. No other use cases for
515                 // specifying principals have been brought up. Under these
516                 // circumstances, only allow issuers specified as
517                 // X500Principals.
518                 if (!(issuer instanceof X500Principal)) {
519                     throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
520                             "Issuer %s is of type %s, not X500Principal",
521                             issuer.toString(), issuer.getClass()));
522                 }
523                 // Pass the DER-encoded issuer as that's the most accurate
524                 // representation and what is sent over the wire.
525                 issuersList.add(((X500Principal) issuer).getEncoded());
526             }
527         }
528         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_ISSUERS, (Serializable) issuersList);
529         // the PendingIntent is used to get calling package name
530         intent.putExtra(EXTRA_SENDER, PendingIntent.getActivity(activity, 0, new Intent(), 0));
531         activity.startActivity(intent);
532     }
533 
534     private static class AliasResponse extends IKeyChainAliasCallback.Stub {
535         private final KeyChainAliasCallback keyChainAliasResponse;
AliasResponse(KeyChainAliasCallback keyChainAliasResponse)536         private AliasResponse(KeyChainAliasCallback keyChainAliasResponse) {
537             this.keyChainAliasResponse = keyChainAliasResponse;
538         }
alias(String alias)539         @Override public void alias(String alias) {
540             keyChainAliasResponse.alias(alias);
541         }
542     }
543 
544     /**
545      * Returns the {@code PrivateKey} for the requested alias, or null if the alias does not exist
546      * or the caller has no permission to access it (see note on exceptions below).
547      *
548      * <p> This method may block while waiting for a connection to another process, and must never
549      * be called from the main thread.
550      * <p> As {@link Activity} and {@link Service} contexts are short-lived and can be destroyed
551      * at any time from the main thread, it is safer to rely on a long-lived context such as one
552      * returned from {@link Context#getApplicationContext()}.
553      *
554      * <p> If the caller provides a valid alias to which it was not granted access, then the
555      * caller must invoke {@link #choosePrivateKeyAlias} again to get another valid alias
556      * or a grant to access the same alias.
557      * <p>On Android versions prior to Q, when a key associated with the specified alias is
558      * unavailable, the method will throw a {@code KeyChainException} rather than return null.
559      * If the exception's cause (as obtained by calling {@code KeyChainException.getCause()})
560      * is a throwable of type {@code IllegalStateException} then the caller lacks a grant
561      * to access the key and certificates associated with this alias.
562      *
563      * @param alias The alias of the desired private key, typically returned via
564      *              {@link KeyChainAliasCallback#alias}.
565      * @throws KeyChainException if the alias was valid but there was some problem accessing it.
566      * @throws IllegalStateException if called from the main thread.
567      */
568     @Nullable @WorkerThread
getPrivateKey(@onNull Context context, @NonNull String alias)569     public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String alias)
570             throws KeyChainException, InterruptedException {
571         KeyPair keyPair = getKeyPair(context, alias);
572         if (keyPair != null) {
573             return keyPair.getPrivate();
574         }
575 
576         return null;
577     }
578 
579     /** @hide */
580     @Nullable @WorkerThread
getKeyPair(@onNull Context context, @NonNull String alias)581     public static KeyPair getKeyPair(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull String alias)
582             throws KeyChainException, InterruptedException {
583         if (alias == null) {
584             throw new NullPointerException("alias == null");
585         }
586         if (context == null) {
587             throw new NullPointerException("context == null");
588         }
589 
590         final String keyId;
591         try (KeyChainConnection keyChainConnection = bind(context.getApplicationContext())) {
592             keyId = keyChainConnection.getService().requestPrivateKey(alias);
593         } catch (RemoteException e) {
594             throw new KeyChainException(e);
595         } catch (RuntimeException e) {
596             // only certain RuntimeExceptions can be propagated across the IKeyChainService call
597             throw new KeyChainException(e);
598         }
599 
600         if (keyId == null) {
601             return null;
602         } else {
603             try {
604                 return AndroidKeyStoreProvider.loadAndroidKeyStoreKeyPairFromKeystore(
605                         KeyStore.getInstance(), keyId, KeyStore.UID_SELF);
606             } catch (RuntimeException | UnrecoverableKeyException | KeyPermanentlyInvalidatedException e) {
607                 throw new KeyChainException(e);
608             }
609         }
610     }
611 
612     /**
613      * Returns the {@code X509Certificate} chain for the requested alias, or null if the alias
614      * does not exist or the caller has no permission to access it (see note on exceptions
615      * in {@link #getPrivateKey}).
616      *
617      * <p>
618      * <strong>Note:</strong> If a certificate chain was explicitly specified when the alias was
619      * installed, this method will return that chain. If only the client certificate was specified
620      * at the installation time, this method will try to build a certificate chain using all
621      * available trust anchors (preinstalled and user-added).
622      *
623      * <p> This method may block while waiting for a connection to another process, and must never
624      * be called from the main thread.
625      * <p> As {@link Activity} and {@link Service} contexts are short-lived and can be destroyed
626      * at any time from the main thread, it is safer to rely on a long-lived context such as one
627      * returned from {@link Context#getApplicationContext()}.
628      * <p> In case the caller specifies an alias for which it lacks a grant, it must call
629      * {@link #choosePrivateKeyAlias} again. See {@link #getPrivateKey} for more details on
630      * coping with this scenario.
631      *
632      * @param alias The alias of the desired certificate chain, typically
633      * returned via {@link KeyChainAliasCallback#alias}.
634      * @throws KeyChainException if the alias was valid but there was some problem accessing it.
635      * @throws IllegalStateException if called from the main thread.
636      */
637     @Nullable @WorkerThread
getCertificateChain(@onNull Context context, @NonNull String alias)638     public static X509Certificate[] getCertificateChain(@NonNull Context context,
639             @NonNull String alias) throws KeyChainException, InterruptedException {
640         if (alias == null) {
641             throw new NullPointerException("alias == null");
642         }
643 
644         final byte[] certificateBytes;
645         final byte[] certChainBytes;
646         try (KeyChainConnection keyChainConnection = bind(context.getApplicationContext())) {
647             IKeyChainService keyChainService = keyChainConnection.getService();
648             certificateBytes = keyChainService.getCertificate(alias);
649             if (certificateBytes == null) {
650                 return null;
651             }
652             certChainBytes = keyChainService.getCaCertificates(alias);
653         } catch (RemoteException e) {
654             throw new KeyChainException(e);
655         } catch (RuntimeException e) {
656             // only certain RuntimeExceptions can be propagated across the IKeyChainService call
657             throw new KeyChainException(e);
658         }
659 
660         try {
661             X509Certificate leafCert = toCertificate(certificateBytes);
662             // If the keypair is installed with a certificate chain by either
663             // DevicePolicyManager.installKeyPair or CertInstaller, return that chain.
664             if (certChainBytes != null && certChainBytes.length != 0) {
665                 Collection<X509Certificate> chain = toCertificates(certChainBytes);
666                 ArrayList<X509Certificate> fullChain = new ArrayList<>(chain.size() + 1);
667                 fullChain.add(leafCert);
668                 fullChain.addAll(chain);
669                 return fullChain.toArray(new X509Certificate[fullChain.size()]);
670             } else {
671                 // If there isn't a certificate chain, either due to a pre-existing keypair
672                 // installed before N, or no chain is explicitly installed under the new logic,
673                 // fall back to old behavior of constructing the chain from trusted credentials.
674                 //
675                 // This logic exists to maintain old behaviour for already installed keypair, at
676                 // the cost of potentially returning extra certificate chain for new clients who
677                 // explicitly installed only the client certificate without a chain. The latter
678                 // case is actually no different from pre-N behaviour of getCertificateChain(),
679                 // in that sense this change introduces no regression. Besides the returned chain
680                 // is still valid so the consumer of the chain should have no problem verifying it.
681                 TrustedCertificateStore store = new TrustedCertificateStore();
682                 List<X509Certificate> chain = store.getCertificateChain(leafCert);
683                 return chain.toArray(new X509Certificate[chain.size()]);
684             }
685         } catch (CertificateException | RuntimeException e) {
686             throw new KeyChainException(e);
687         }
688     }
689 
690     /**
691      * Returns {@code true} if the current device's {@code KeyChain} supports a
692      * specific {@code PrivateKey} type indicated by {@code algorithm} (e.g.,
693      * "RSA").
694      */
isKeyAlgorithmSupported( @onNull @eyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String algorithm)695     public static boolean isKeyAlgorithmSupported(
696             @NonNull @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String algorithm) {
697         final String algUpper = algorithm.toUpperCase(Locale.US);
698         return KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_EC.equals(algUpper)
699                 || KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA.equals(algUpper);
700     }
701 
702     /**
703      * Returns {@code true} if the current device's {@code KeyChain} binds any
704      * {@code PrivateKey} of the given {@code algorithm} to the device once
705      * imported or generated. This can be used to tell if there is special
706      * hardware support that can be used to bind keys to the device in a way
707      * that makes it non-exportable.
708      *
709      * @deprecated Whether the key is bound to the secure hardware is known only
710      * once the key has been imported. To find out, use:
711      * <pre>{@code
712      * PrivateKey key = ...; // private key from KeyChain
713      *
714      * KeyFactory keyFactory =
715      *     KeyFactory.getInstance(key.getAlgorithm(), "AndroidKeyStore");
716      * KeyInfo keyInfo = keyFactory.getKeySpec(key, KeyInfo.class);
717      * if (keyInfo.isInsideSecureHardware()) {
718      *     // The key is bound to the secure hardware of this Android
719      * }}</pre>
720      */
721     @Deprecated
isBoundKeyAlgorithm( @onNull @eyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String algorithm)722     public static boolean isBoundKeyAlgorithm(
723             @NonNull @KeyProperties.KeyAlgorithmEnum String algorithm) {
724         if (!isKeyAlgorithmSupported(algorithm)) {
725             return false;
726         }
727 
728         return KeyStore.getInstance().isHardwareBacked(algorithm);
729     }
730 
731     /** @hide */
732     @NonNull
toCertificate(@onNull byte[] bytes)733     public static X509Certificate toCertificate(@NonNull byte[] bytes) {
734         if (bytes == null) {
735             throw new IllegalArgumentException("bytes == null");
736         }
737         try {
738             CertificateFactory certFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
739             Certificate cert = certFactory.generateCertificate(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
740             return (X509Certificate) cert;
741         } catch (CertificateException e) {
742             throw new AssertionError(e);
743         }
744     }
745 
746     /** @hide */
747     @NonNull
toCertificates(@onNull byte[] bytes)748     public static Collection<X509Certificate> toCertificates(@NonNull byte[] bytes) {
749         if (bytes == null) {
750             throw new IllegalArgumentException("bytes == null");
751         }
752         try {
753             CertificateFactory certFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
754             return (Collection<X509Certificate>) certFactory.generateCertificates(
755                     new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
756         } catch (CertificateException e) {
757             throw new AssertionError(e);
758         }
759     }
760 
761     /**
762      * @hide for reuse by CertInstaller and Settings.
763      * @see KeyChain#bind
764      */
765     public static class KeyChainConnection implements Closeable {
766         private final Context context;
767         private final ServiceConnection serviceConnection;
768         private final IKeyChainService service;
KeyChainConnection(Context context, ServiceConnection serviceConnection, IKeyChainService service)769         protected KeyChainConnection(Context context,
770                                      ServiceConnection serviceConnection,
771                                      IKeyChainService service) {
772             this.context = context;
773             this.serviceConnection = serviceConnection;
774             this.service = service;
775         }
close()776         @Override public void close() {
777             context.unbindService(serviceConnection);
778         }
getService()779         public IKeyChainService getService() {
780             return service;
781         }
782     }
783 
784     /**
785      * @hide for reuse by CertInstaller and Settings.
786      *
787      * Caller should call unbindService on the result when finished.
788      */
789     @WorkerThread
bind(@onNull Context context)790     public static KeyChainConnection bind(@NonNull Context context) throws InterruptedException {
791         return bindAsUser(context, Process.myUserHandle());
792     }
793 
794     /**
795      * @hide
796      */
797     @WorkerThread
bindAsUser(@onNull Context context, UserHandle user)798     public static KeyChainConnection bindAsUser(@NonNull Context context, UserHandle user)
799             throws InterruptedException {
800         if (context == null) {
801             throw new NullPointerException("context == null");
802         }
803         ensureNotOnMainThread(context);
804         final BlockingQueue<IKeyChainService> q = new LinkedBlockingQueue<IKeyChainService>(1);
805         ServiceConnection keyChainServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
806             volatile boolean mConnectedAtLeastOnce = false;
807             @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
808                 if (!mConnectedAtLeastOnce) {
809                     mConnectedAtLeastOnce = true;
810                     try {
811                         q.put(IKeyChainService.Stub.asInterface(Binder.allowBlocking(service)));
812                     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
813                         // will never happen, since the queue starts with one available slot
814                     }
815                 }
816             }
817             @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {}
818         };
819         Intent intent = new Intent(IKeyChainService.class.getName());
820         ComponentName comp = intent.resolveSystemService(context.getPackageManager(), 0);
821         intent.setComponent(comp);
822         if (comp == null || !context.bindServiceAsUser(
823                 intent, keyChainServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE, user)) {
824             throw new AssertionError("could not bind to KeyChainService");
825         }
826         return new KeyChainConnection(context, keyChainServiceConnection, q.take());
827     }
828 
ensureNotOnMainThread(@onNull Context context)829     private static void ensureNotOnMainThread(@NonNull Context context) {
830         Looper looper = Looper.myLooper();
831         if (looper != null && looper == context.getMainLooper()) {
832             throw new IllegalStateException(
833                     "calling this from your main thread can lead to deadlock");
834         }
835     }
836 }
837