1 /*
2  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3  *
4  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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6  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
7  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9  *
10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14  * accompanied this code).
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
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18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19  *
20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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24 
25 /*
26  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
27  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
28  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
29  * file:
30  *
31  * Written by Doug Lea and Josh Bloch with assistance from members of JCP
32  * JSR-166 Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
33  * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
34  */
35 
36 // BEGIN android-note
37 // removed link to collections framework docs
38 // END android-note
39 
40 package java.util;
41 
42 /**
43  * A {@link SortedSet} extended with navigation methods reporting
44  * closest matches for given search targets. Methods {@link #lower},
45  * {@link #floor}, {@link #ceiling}, and {@link #higher} return elements
46  * respectively less than, less than or equal, greater than or equal,
47  * and greater than a given element, returning {@code null} if there
48  * is no such element.
49  *
50  * <p>A {@code NavigableSet} may be accessed and traversed in either
51  * ascending or descending order.  The {@link #descendingSet} method
52  * returns a view of the set with the senses of all relational and
53  * directional methods inverted. The performance of ascending
54  * operations and views is likely to be faster than that of descending
55  * ones.  This interface additionally defines methods {@link
56  * #pollFirst} and {@link #pollLast} that return and remove the lowest
57  * and highest element, if one exists, else returning {@code null}.
58  * Methods
59  * {@link #subSet(Object, boolean, Object, boolean) subSet(E, boolean, E, boolean)},
60  * {@link #headSet(Object, boolean) headSet(E, boolean)}, and
61  * {@link #tailSet(Object, boolean) tailSet(E, boolean)}
62  * differ from the like-named {@code SortedSet} methods in accepting
63  * additional arguments describing whether lower and upper bounds are
64  * inclusive versus exclusive.  Subsets of any {@code NavigableSet}
65  * must implement the {@code NavigableSet} interface.
66  *
67  * <p>The return values of navigation methods may be ambiguous in
68  * implementations that permit {@code null} elements. However, even
69  * in this case the result can be disambiguated by checking
70  * {@code contains(null)}. To avoid such issues, implementations of
71  * this interface are encouraged to <em>not</em> permit insertion of
72  * {@code null} elements. (Note that sorted sets of {@link
73  * Comparable} elements intrinsically do not permit {@code null}.)
74  *
75  * <p>Methods
76  * {@link #subSet(Object, Object) subSet(E, E)},
77  * {@link #headSet(Object) headSet(E)}, and
78  * {@link #tailSet(Object) tailSet(E)}
79  * are specified to return {@code SortedSet} to allow existing
80  * implementations of {@code SortedSet} to be compatibly retrofitted to
81  * implement {@code NavigableSet}, but extensions and implementations
82  * of this interface are encouraged to override these methods to return
83  * {@code NavigableSet}.
84  *
85  * @author Doug Lea
86  * @author Josh Bloch
87  * @param <E> the type of elements maintained by this set
88  * @since 1.6
89  */
90 public interface NavigableSet<E> extends SortedSet<E> {
91     /**
92      * Returns the greatest element in this set strictly less than the
93      * given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
94      *
95      * @param e the value to match
96      * @return the greatest element less than {@code e},
97      *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
98      * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
99      *         compared with the elements currently in the set
100      * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
101      *         and this set does not permit null elements
102      */
lower(E e)103     E lower(E e);
104 
105     /**
106      * Returns the greatest element in this set less than or equal to
107      * the given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
108      *
109      * @param e the value to match
110      * @return the greatest element less than or equal to {@code e},
111      *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
112      * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
113      *         compared with the elements currently in the set
114      * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
115      *         and this set does not permit null elements
116      */
floor(E e)117     E floor(E e);
118 
119     /**
120      * Returns the least element in this set greater than or equal to
121      * the given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
122      *
123      * @param e the value to match
124      * @return the least element greater than or equal to {@code e},
125      *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
126      * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
127      *         compared with the elements currently in the set
128      * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
129      *         and this set does not permit null elements
130      */
ceiling(E e)131     E ceiling(E e);
132 
133     /**
134      * Returns the least element in this set strictly greater than the
135      * given element, or {@code null} if there is no such element.
136      *
137      * @param e the value to match
138      * @return the least element greater than {@code e},
139      *         or {@code null} if there is no such element
140      * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be
141      *         compared with the elements currently in the set
142      * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
143      *         and this set does not permit null elements
144      */
higher(E e)145     E higher(E e);
146 
147     /**
148      * Retrieves and removes the first (lowest) element,
149      * or returns {@code null} if this set is empty.
150      *
151      * @return the first element, or {@code null} if this set is empty
152      */
pollFirst()153     E pollFirst();
154 
155     /**
156      * Retrieves and removes the last (highest) element,
157      * or returns {@code null} if this set is empty.
158      *
159      * @return the last element, or {@code null} if this set is empty
160      */
pollLast()161     E pollLast();
162 
163     /**
164      * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set, in ascending order.
165      *
166      * @return an iterator over the elements in this set, in ascending order
167      */
iterator()168     Iterator<E> iterator();
169 
170     /**
171      * Returns a reverse order view of the elements contained in this set.
172      * The descending set is backed by this set, so changes to the set are
173      * reflected in the descending set, and vice-versa.  If either set is
174      * modified while an iteration over either set is in progress (except
175      * through the iterator's own {@code remove} operation), the results of
176      * the iteration are undefined.
177      *
178      * <p>The returned set has an ordering equivalent to
179      * {@link Collections#reverseOrder(Comparator) Collections.reverseOrder}{@code (comparator())}.
180      * The expression {@code s.descendingSet().descendingSet()} returns a
181      * view of {@code s} essentially equivalent to {@code s}.
182      *
183      * @return a reverse order view of this set
184      */
descendingSet()185     NavigableSet<E> descendingSet();
186 
187     /**
188      * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set, in descending order.
189      * Equivalent in effect to {@code descendingSet().iterator()}.
190      *
191      * @return an iterator over the elements in this set, in descending order
192      */
descendingIterator()193     Iterator<E> descendingIterator();
194 
195     /**
196      * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements range from
197      * {@code fromElement} to {@code toElement}.  If {@code fromElement} and
198      * {@code toElement} are equal, the returned set is empty unless {@code
199      * fromInclusive} and {@code toInclusive} are both true.  The returned set
200      * is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set are reflected in
201      * this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports all optional set
202      * operations that this set supports.
203      *
204      * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
205      * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
206      *
207      * @param fromElement low endpoint of the returned set
208      * @param fromInclusive {@code true} if the low endpoint
209      *        is to be included in the returned view
210      * @param toElement high endpoint of the returned set
211      * @param toInclusive {@code true} if the high endpoint
212      *        is to be included in the returned view
213      * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements range from
214      *         {@code fromElement}, inclusive, to {@code toElement}, exclusive
215      * @throws ClassCastException if {@code fromElement} and
216      *         {@code toElement} cannot be compared to one another using this
217      *         set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator, using
218      *         natural ordering).  Implementations may, but are not required
219      *         to, throw this exception if {@code fromElement} or
220      *         {@code toElement} cannot be compared to elements currently in
221      *         the set.
222      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} or
223      *         {@code toElement} is null and this set does
224      *         not permit null elements
225      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code fromElement} is
226      *         greater than {@code toElement}; or if this set itself
227      *         has a restricted range, and {@code fromElement} or
228      *         {@code toElement} lies outside the bounds of the range.
229      */
subSet(E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive, E toElement, boolean toInclusive)230     NavigableSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive,
231                            E toElement,   boolean toInclusive);
232 
233     /**
234      * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements are less than
235      * (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code toElement}.  The
236      * returned set is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set are
237      * reflected in this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports all
238      * optional set operations that this set supports.
239      *
240      * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
241      * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
242      *
243      * @param toElement high endpoint of the returned set
244      * @param inclusive {@code true} if the high endpoint
245      *        is to be included in the returned view
246      * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements are less than
247      *         (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code toElement}
248      * @throws ClassCastException if {@code toElement} is not compatible
249      *         with this set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator,
250      *         if {@code toElement} does not implement {@link Comparable}).
251      *         Implementations may, but are not required to, throw this
252      *         exception if {@code toElement} cannot be compared to elements
253      *         currently in the set.
254      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toElement} is null and
255      *         this set does not permit null elements
256      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this set itself has a
257      *         restricted range, and {@code toElement} lies outside the
258      *         bounds of the range
259      */
headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive)260     NavigableSet<E> headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive);
261 
262     /**
263      * Returns a view of the portion of this set whose elements are greater
264      * than (or equal to, if {@code inclusive} is true) {@code fromElement}.
265      * The returned set is backed by this set, so changes in the returned set
266      * are reflected in this set, and vice-versa.  The returned set supports
267      * all optional set operations that this set supports.
268      *
269      * <p>The returned set will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException}
270      * on an attempt to insert an element outside its range.
271      *
272      * @param fromElement low endpoint of the returned set
273      * @param inclusive {@code true} if the low endpoint
274      *        is to be included in the returned view
275      * @return a view of the portion of this set whose elements are greater
276      *         than or equal to {@code fromElement}
277      * @throws ClassCastException if {@code fromElement} is not compatible
278      *         with this set's comparator (or, if the set has no comparator,
279      *         if {@code fromElement} does not implement {@link Comparable}).
280      *         Implementations may, but are not required to, throw this
281      *         exception if {@code fromElement} cannot be compared to elements
282      *         currently in the set.
283      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} is null
284      *         and this set does not permit null elements
285      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this set itself has a
286      *         restricted range, and {@code fromElement} lies outside the
287      *         bounds of the range
288      */
tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive)289     NavigableSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive);
290 
291     /**
292      * {@inheritDoc}
293      *
294      * <p>Equivalent to {@code subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false)}.
295      *
296      * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
297      * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
298      * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
299      */
subSet(E fromElement, E toElement)300     SortedSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, E toElement);
301 
302     /**
303      * {@inheritDoc}
304      *
305      * <p>Equivalent to {@code headSet(toElement, false)}.
306      *
307      * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
308      * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
309      * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
310      */
headSet(E toElement)311     SortedSet<E> headSet(E toElement);
312 
313     /**
314      * {@inheritDoc}
315      *
316      * <p>Equivalent to {@code tailSet(fromElement, true)}.
317      *
318      * @throws ClassCastException       {@inheritDoc}
319      * @throws NullPointerException     {@inheritDoc}
320      * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc}
321      */
tailSet(E fromElement)322     SortedSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement);
323 }
324