1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package android.media;
18 
19 import android.annotation.IntRange;
20 import android.annotation.NonNull;
21 import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
22 import android.graphics.ImageFormat.Format;
23 import android.hardware.HardwareBuffer;
24 import android.hardware.HardwareBuffer.Usage;
25 import android.os.Handler;
26 import android.os.Looper;
27 import android.os.Message;
28 import android.view.Surface;
29 
30 import dalvik.system.VMRuntime;
31 
32 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
33 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
34 import java.nio.ByteOrder;
35 import java.nio.NioUtils;
36 import java.util.List;
37 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
38 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
39 
40 /**
41  * <p>The ImageReader class allows direct application access to image data
42  * rendered into a {@link android.view.Surface}</p>
43  *
44  * <p>Several Android media API classes accept Surface objects as targets to
45  * render to, including {@link MediaPlayer}, {@link MediaCodec},
46  * {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice}, {@link ImageWriter} and
47  * {@link android.renderscript.Allocation RenderScript Allocations}. The image
48  * sizes and formats that can be used with each source vary, and should be
49  * checked in the documentation for the specific API.</p>
50  *
51  * <p>The image data is encapsulated in {@link Image} objects, and multiple such
52  * objects can be accessed at the same time, up to the number specified by the
53  * {@code maxImages} constructor parameter. New images sent to an ImageReader
54  * through its {@link Surface} are queued until accessed through the {@link #acquireLatestImage}
55  * or {@link #acquireNextImage} call. Due to memory limits, an image source will
56  * eventually stall or drop Images in trying to render to the Surface if the
57  * ImageReader does not obtain and release Images at a rate equal to the
58  * production rate.</p>
59  */
60 public class ImageReader implements AutoCloseable {
61 
62     /**
63      * Returned by nativeImageSetup when acquiring the image was successful.
64      */
65     private static final int ACQUIRE_SUCCESS = 0;
66     /**
67      * Returned by nativeImageSetup when we couldn't acquire the buffer,
68      * because there were no buffers available to acquire.
69      */
70     private static final int ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS = 1;
71     /**
72      * Returned by nativeImageSetup when we couldn't acquire the buffer
73      * because the consumer has already acquired {@maxImages} and cannot
74      * acquire more than that.
75      */
76     private static final int ACQUIRE_MAX_IMAGES = 2;
77 
78     /**
79      * <p>
80      * Create a new reader for images of the desired size and format.
81      * </p>
82      * <p>
83      * The {@code maxImages} parameter determines the maximum number of
84      * {@link Image} objects that can be be acquired from the
85      * {@code ImageReader} simultaneously. Requesting more buffers will use up
86      * more memory, so it is important to use only the minimum number necessary
87      * for the use case.
88      * </p>
89      * <p>
90      * The valid sizes and formats depend on the source of the image data.
91      * </p>
92      * <p>
93      * If the {@code format} is {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE}, the created
94      * {@link ImageReader} will produce images that are not directly accessible
95      * by the application. The application can still acquire images from this
96      * {@link ImageReader}, and send them to the
97      * {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice camera} for reprocessing via
98      * {@link ImageWriter} interface. However, the {@link Image#getPlanes()
99      * getPlanes()} will return an empty array for {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE
100      * PRIVATE} format images. The application can check if an existing reader's
101      * format by calling {@link #getImageFormat()}.
102      * </p>
103      * <p>
104      * {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE} format {@link ImageReader
105      * ImageReaders} are more efficient to use when application access to image
106      * data is not necessary, compared to ImageReaders using other format such
107      * as {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888 YUV_420_888}.
108      * </p>
109      *
110      * @param width The default width in pixels of the Images that this reader
111      *            will produce.
112      * @param height The default height in pixels of the Images that this reader
113      *            will produce.
114      * @param format The format of the Image that this reader will produce. This
115      *            must be one of the {@link android.graphics.ImageFormat} or
116      *            {@link android.graphics.PixelFormat} constants. Note that not
117      *            all formats are supported, like ImageFormat.NV21.
118      * @param maxImages The maximum number of images the user will want to
119      *            access simultaneously. This should be as small as possible to
120      *            limit memory use. Once maxImages Images are obtained by the
121      *            user, one of them has to be released before a new Image will
122      *            become available for access through
123      *            {@link #acquireLatestImage()} or {@link #acquireNextImage()}.
124      *            Must be greater than 0.
125      * @see Image
126      */
newInstance( @ntRangefrom = 1) int width, @IntRange(from = 1) int height, @Format int format, @IntRange(from = 1) int maxImages)127     public static @NonNull ImageReader newInstance(
128             @IntRange(from = 1) int width,
129             @IntRange(from = 1) int height,
130             @Format             int format,
131             @IntRange(from = 1) int maxImages) {
132         // If the format is private don't default to USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN since it may not
133         // work, and is inscrutable anyway
134         return new ImageReader(width, height, format, maxImages,
135                 format == ImageFormat.PRIVATE ? 0 : HardwareBuffer.USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN);
136     }
137 
138     /**
139      * <p>
140      * Create a new reader for images of the desired size, format and consumer usage flag.
141      * </p>
142      * <p>
143      * The {@code maxImages} parameter determines the maximum number of {@link Image} objects that
144      * can be be acquired from the {@code ImageReader} simultaneously. Requesting more buffers will
145      * use up more memory, so it is important to use only the minimum number necessary for the use
146      * case.
147      * </p>
148      * <p>
149      * The valid sizes and formats depend on the source of the image data.
150      * </p>
151      * <p>
152      * The format and usage flag combination describes how the buffer will be used by
153      * consumer end-points. For example, if the application intends to send the images to
154      * {@link android.media.MediaCodec} or {@link android.media.MediaRecorder} for hardware video
155      * encoding, the format and usage flag combination needs to be
156      * {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE} and {@link HardwareBuffer#USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODE}. When an
157      * {@link ImageReader} object is created with a valid size and such format/usage flag
158      * combination, the application can send the {@link Image images} to an {@link ImageWriter} that
159      * is created with the input {@link android.view.Surface} provided by the
160      * {@link android.media.MediaCodec} or {@link android.media.MediaRecorder}.
161      * </p>
162      * <p>
163      * If the {@code format} is {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE}, the created {@link ImageReader}
164      * will produce images that are not directly accessible by the application. The application can
165      * still acquire images from this {@link ImageReader}, and send them to the
166      * {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice camera} for reprocessing, or to the
167      * {@link android.media.MediaCodec} / {@link android.media.MediaRecorder} for hardware video
168      * encoding via {@link ImageWriter} interface. However, the {@link Image#getPlanes()
169      * getPlanes()} will return an empty array for {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE} format
170      * images. The application can check if an existing reader's format by calling
171      * {@link #getImageFormat()}.
172      * </p>
173      * <p>
174      * {@link ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE} format {@link ImageReader ImageReaders} are more
175      * efficient to use when application access to image data is not necessary, compared to
176      * ImageReaders using other format such as {@link ImageFormat#YUV_420_888 YUV_420_888}.
177      * </p>
178      * <p>
179      * Note that not all format and usage flag combinations are supported by the
180      * {@link ImageReader}. Below are the supported combinations by the {@link ImageReader}
181      * (assuming the consumer end-points support the such image consumption, e.g., hardware video
182      * encoding).
183      * <table>
184      * <tr>
185      *   <th>Format</th>
186      *   <th>Compatible usage flags</th>
187      * </tr>
188      * <tr>
189      *   <td>non-{@link android.graphics.ImageFormat#PRIVATE PRIVATE} formats defined by
190      *   {@link android.graphics.ImageFormat ImageFormat} or
191      *   {@link android.graphics.PixelFormat PixelFormat}</td>
192      *   <td>{@link HardwareBuffer#USAGE_CPU_READ_RARELY} or
193      *   {@link HardwareBuffer#USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN}</td>
194      * </tr>
195      * <tr>
196      *   <td>{@link android.graphics.ImageFormat#PRIVATE}</td>
197      *   <td>{@link HardwareBuffer#USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODE} or
198      *   {@link HardwareBuffer#USAGE_GPU_SAMPLED_IMAGE}, or combined</td>
199      * </tr>
200      * </table>
201      * Using other combinations may result in {@link IllegalArgumentException}.
202      * </p>
203      * @param width The default width in pixels of the Images that this reader will produce.
204      * @param height The default height in pixels of the Images that this reader will produce.
205      * @param format The format of the Image that this reader will produce. This must be one of the
206      *            {@link android.graphics.ImageFormat} or {@link android.graphics.PixelFormat}
207      *            constants. Note that not all formats are supported, like ImageFormat.NV21.
208      * @param maxImages The maximum number of images the user will want to access simultaneously.
209      *            This should be as small as possible to limit memory use. Once maxImages Images are
210      *            obtained by the user, one of them has to be released before a new Image will
211      *            become available for access through {@link #acquireLatestImage()} or
212      *            {@link #acquireNextImage()}. Must be greater than 0.
213      * @param usage The intended usage of the images produced by this ImageReader. See the usages
214      *              on {@link HardwareBuffer} for a list of valid usage bits. See also
215      *              {@link HardwareBuffer#isSupported(int, int, int, int, long)} for checking
216      *              if a combination is supported. If it's not supported this will throw
217      *              an {@link IllegalArgumentException}.
218      * @see Image
219      * @see HardwareBuffer
220      */
newInstance( @ntRangefrom = 1) int width, @IntRange(from = 1) int height, @Format int format, @IntRange(from = 1) int maxImages, @Usage long usage)221     public static @NonNull ImageReader newInstance(
222             @IntRange(from = 1) int width,
223             @IntRange(from = 1) int height,
224             @Format             int format,
225             @IntRange(from = 1) int maxImages,
226             @Usage              long usage) {
227         // TODO: Check this - can't do it just yet because format support is different
228         // Unify formats! The only reliable way to validate usage is to just try it and see.
229 
230 //        if (!HardwareBuffer.isSupported(width, height, format, 1, usage)) {
231 //            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The given format=" + Integer.toHexString(format)
232 //                + " & usage=" + Long.toHexString(usage) + " is not supported");
233 //        }
234         return new ImageReader(width, height, format, maxImages, usage);
235     }
236 
237     /**
238      * @hide
239      */
ImageReader(int width, int height, int format, int maxImages, long usage)240     protected ImageReader(int width, int height, int format, int maxImages, long usage) {
241         mWidth = width;
242         mHeight = height;
243         mFormat = format;
244         mMaxImages = maxImages;
245 
246         if (width < 1 || height < 1) {
247             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
248                 "The image dimensions must be positive");
249         }
250         if (mMaxImages < 1) {
251             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
252                 "Maximum outstanding image count must be at least 1");
253         }
254 
255         if (format == ImageFormat.NV21) {
256             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
257                     "NV21 format is not supported");
258         }
259 
260         mNumPlanes = ImageUtils.getNumPlanesForFormat(mFormat);
261 
262         nativeInit(new WeakReference<>(this), width, height, format, maxImages, usage);
263 
264         mSurface = nativeGetSurface();
265 
266         mIsReaderValid = true;
267         // Estimate the native buffer allocation size and register it so it gets accounted for
268         // during GC. Note that this doesn't include the buffers required by the buffer queue
269         // itself and the buffers requested by the producer.
270         // Only include memory for 1 buffer, since actually accounting for the memory used is
271         // complex, and 1 buffer is enough for the VM to treat the ImageReader as being of some
272         // size.
273         mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes = ImageUtils.getEstimatedNativeAllocBytes(
274                 width, height, format, /*buffer count*/ 1);
275         VMRuntime.getRuntime().registerNativeAllocation(mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes);
276     }
277 
278     /**
279      * The default width of {@link Image Images}, in pixels.
280      *
281      * <p>The width may be overridden by the producer sending buffers to this
282      * ImageReader's Surface. If so, the actual width of the images can be
283      * found using {@link Image#getWidth}.</p>
284      *
285      * @return the expected width of an Image
286      */
getWidth()287     public int getWidth() {
288         return mWidth;
289     }
290 
291     /**
292      * The default height of {@link Image Images}, in pixels.
293      *
294      * <p>The height may be overridden by the producer sending buffers to this
295      * ImageReader's Surface. If so, the actual height of the images can be
296      * found using {@link Image#getHeight}.</p>
297      *
298      * @return the expected height of an Image
299      */
getHeight()300     public int getHeight() {
301         return mHeight;
302     }
303 
304     /**
305      * The default {@link ImageFormat image format} of {@link Image Images}.
306      *
307      * <p>Some color formats may be overridden by the producer sending buffers to
308      * this ImageReader's Surface if the default color format allows. ImageReader
309      * guarantees that all {@link Image Images} acquired from ImageReader
310      * (for example, with {@link #acquireNextImage}) will have a "compatible"
311      * format to what was specified in {@link #newInstance}.
312      * As of now, each format is only compatible to itself.
313      * The actual format of the images can be found using {@link Image#getFormat}.</p>
314      *
315      * @return the expected format of an Image
316      *
317      * @see ImageFormat
318      */
getImageFormat()319     public int getImageFormat() {
320         return mFormat;
321     }
322 
323     /**
324      * Maximum number of images that can be acquired from the ImageReader by any time (for example,
325      * with {@link #acquireNextImage}).
326      *
327      * <p>An image is considered acquired after it's returned by a function from ImageReader, and
328      * until the Image is {@link Image#close closed} to release the image back to the ImageReader.
329      * </p>
330      *
331      * <p>Attempting to acquire more than {@code maxImages} concurrently will result in the
332      * acquire function throwing a {@link IllegalStateException}. Furthermore,
333      * while the max number of images have been acquired by the ImageReader user, the producer
334      * enqueueing additional images may stall until at least one image has been released. </p>
335      *
336      * @return Maximum number of images for this ImageReader.
337      *
338      * @see Image#close
339      */
getMaxImages()340     public int getMaxImages() {
341         return mMaxImages;
342     }
343 
344     /**
345      * <p>Get a {@link Surface} that can be used to produce {@link Image Images} for this
346      * {@code ImageReader}.</p>
347      *
348      * <p>Until valid image data is rendered into this {@link Surface}, the
349      * {@link #acquireNextImage} method will return {@code null}. Only one source
350      * can be producing data into this Surface at the same time, although the
351      * same {@link Surface} can be reused with a different API once the first source is
352      * disconnected from the {@link Surface}.</p>
353      *
354      * <p>Please note that holding on to the Surface object returned by this method is not enough
355      * to keep its parent ImageReader from being reclaimed. In that sense, a Surface acts like a
356      * {@link java.lang.ref.WeakReference weak reference} to the ImageReader that provides it.</p>
357      *
358      * @return A {@link Surface} to use for a drawing target for various APIs.
359      */
getSurface()360     public Surface getSurface() {
361         return mSurface;
362     }
363 
364     /**
365      * <p>
366      * Acquire the latest {@link Image} from the ImageReader's queue, dropping older
367      * {@link Image images}. Returns {@code null} if no new image is available.
368      * </p>
369      * <p>
370      * This operation will acquire all the images possible from the ImageReader,
371      * but {@link #close} all images that aren't the latest. This function is
372      * recommended to use over {@link #acquireNextImage} for most use-cases, as it's
373      * more suited for real-time processing.
374      * </p>
375      * <p>
376      * Note that {@link #getMaxImages maxImages} should be at least 2 for
377      * {@link #acquireLatestImage} to be any different than {@link #acquireNextImage} -
378      * discarding all-but-the-newest {@link Image} requires temporarily acquiring two
379      * {@link Image Images} at once. Or more generally, calling {@link #acquireLatestImage}
380      * with less than two images of margin, that is
381      * {@code (maxImages - currentAcquiredImages < 2)} will not discard as expected.
382      * </p>
383      * <p>
384      * This operation will fail by throwing an {@link IllegalStateException} if
385      * {@code maxImages} have been acquired with {@link #acquireLatestImage} or
386      * {@link #acquireNextImage}. In particular a sequence of {@link #acquireLatestImage}
387      * calls greater than {@link #getMaxImages} without calling {@link Image#close} in-between
388      * will exhaust the underlying queue. At such a time, {@link IllegalStateException}
389      * will be thrown until more images are
390      * released with {@link Image#close}.
391      * </p>
392      *
393      * @return latest frame of image data, or {@code null} if no image data is available.
394      * @throws IllegalStateException if too many images are currently acquired
395      */
acquireLatestImage()396     public Image acquireLatestImage() {
397         Image image = acquireNextImage();
398         if (image == null) {
399             return null;
400         }
401         try {
402             for (;;) {
403                 Image next = acquireNextImageNoThrowISE();
404                 if (next == null) {
405                     Image result = image;
406                     image = null;
407                     return result;
408                 }
409                 image.close();
410                 image = next;
411             }
412         } finally {
413             if (image != null) {
414                 image.close();
415             }
416         }
417     }
418 
419     /**
420      * Don't throw IllegalStateException if there are too many images acquired.
421      *
422      * @return Image if acquiring succeeded, or null otherwise.
423      *
424      * @hide
425      */
acquireNextImageNoThrowISE()426     public Image acquireNextImageNoThrowISE() {
427         SurfaceImage si = new SurfaceImage(mFormat);
428         return acquireNextSurfaceImage(si) == ACQUIRE_SUCCESS ? si : null;
429     }
430 
431     /**
432      * Attempts to acquire the next image from the underlying native implementation.
433      *
434      * <p>
435      * Note that unexpected failures will throw at the JNI level.
436      * </p>
437      *
438      * @param si A blank SurfaceImage.
439      * @return One of the {@code ACQUIRE_*} codes that determine success or failure.
440      *
441      * @see #ACQUIRE_MAX_IMAGES
442      * @see #ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS
443      * @see #ACQUIRE_SUCCESS
444      */
acquireNextSurfaceImage(SurfaceImage si)445     private int acquireNextSurfaceImage(SurfaceImage si) {
446         synchronized (mCloseLock) {
447             // A null image will eventually be returned if ImageReader is already closed.
448             int status = ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS;
449             if (mIsReaderValid) {
450                 status = nativeImageSetup(si);
451             }
452 
453             switch (status) {
454                 case ACQUIRE_SUCCESS:
455                     si.mIsImageValid = true;
456                 case ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS:
457                 case ACQUIRE_MAX_IMAGES:
458                     break;
459                 default:
460                     throw new AssertionError("Unknown nativeImageSetup return code " + status);
461             }
462 
463             // Only keep track the successfully acquired image, as the native buffer is only mapped
464             // for such case.
465             if (status == ACQUIRE_SUCCESS) {
466                 mAcquiredImages.add(si);
467             }
468             return status;
469         }
470     }
471 
472     /**
473      * <p>
474      * Acquire the next Image from the ImageReader's queue. Returns {@code null} if
475      * no new image is available.
476      * </p>
477      *
478      * <p><i>Warning:</i> Consider using {@link #acquireLatestImage()} instead, as it will
479      * automatically release older images, and allow slower-running processing routines to catch
480      * up to the newest frame. Usage of {@link #acquireNextImage} is recommended for
481      * batch/background processing. Incorrectly using this function can cause images to appear
482      * with an ever-increasing delay, followed by a complete stall where no new images seem to
483      * appear.
484      * </p>
485      *
486      * <p>
487      * This operation will fail by throwing an {@link IllegalStateException} if
488      * {@code maxImages} have been acquired with {@link #acquireNextImage} or
489      * {@link #acquireLatestImage}. In particular a sequence of {@link #acquireNextImage} or
490      * {@link #acquireLatestImage} calls greater than {@link #getMaxImages maxImages} without
491      * calling {@link Image#close} in-between will exhaust the underlying queue. At such a time,
492      * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown until more images are released with
493      * {@link Image#close}.
494      * </p>
495      *
496      * @return a new frame of image data, or {@code null} if no image data is available.
497      * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code maxImages} images are currently acquired
498      * @see #acquireLatestImage
499      */
acquireNextImage()500     public Image acquireNextImage() {
501         // Initialize with reader format, but can be overwritten by native if the image
502         // format is different from the reader format.
503         SurfaceImage si = new SurfaceImage(mFormat);
504         int status = acquireNextSurfaceImage(si);
505 
506         switch (status) {
507             case ACQUIRE_SUCCESS:
508                 return si;
509             case ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS:
510                 return null;
511             case ACQUIRE_MAX_IMAGES:
512                 throw new IllegalStateException(
513                         String.format(
514                                 "maxImages (%d) has already been acquired, " +
515                                 "call #close before acquiring more.", mMaxImages));
516             default:
517                 throw new AssertionError("Unknown nativeImageSetup return code " + status);
518         }
519     }
520 
521     /**
522      * <p>Return the frame to the ImageReader for reuse.</p>
523      */
releaseImage(Image i)524     private void releaseImage(Image i) {
525         if (! (i instanceof SurfaceImage) ) {
526             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
527                 "This image was not produced by an ImageReader");
528         }
529         SurfaceImage si = (SurfaceImage) i;
530         if (si.mIsImageValid == false) {
531             return;
532         }
533 
534         if (si.getReader() != this || !mAcquiredImages.contains(i)) {
535             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
536                 "This image was not produced by this ImageReader");
537         }
538 
539         si.clearSurfacePlanes();
540         nativeReleaseImage(i);
541         si.mIsImageValid = false;
542         mAcquiredImages.remove(i);
543     }
544 
545     /**
546      * Register a listener to be invoked when a new image becomes available
547      * from the ImageReader.
548      *
549      * @param listener
550      *            The listener that will be run.
551      * @param handler
552      *            The handler on which the listener should be invoked, or null
553      *            if the listener should be invoked on the calling thread's looper.
554      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
555      *            If no handler specified and the calling thread has no looper.
556      */
setOnImageAvailableListener(OnImageAvailableListener listener, Handler handler)557     public void setOnImageAvailableListener(OnImageAvailableListener listener, Handler handler) {
558         synchronized (mListenerLock) {
559             if (listener != null) {
560                 Looper looper = handler != null ? handler.getLooper() : Looper.myLooper();
561                 if (looper == null) {
562                     throw new IllegalArgumentException(
563                             "handler is null but the current thread is not a looper");
564                 }
565                 if (mListenerHandler == null || mListenerHandler.getLooper() != looper) {
566                     mListenerHandler = new ListenerHandler(looper);
567                 }
568                 mListener = listener;
569             } else {
570                 mListener = null;
571                 mListenerHandler = null;
572             }
573         }
574     }
575 
576     /**
577      * Callback interface for being notified that a new image is available.
578      *
579      * <p>
580      * The onImageAvailable is called per image basis, that is, callback fires for every new frame
581      * available from ImageReader.
582      * </p>
583      */
584     public interface OnImageAvailableListener {
585         /**
586          * Callback that is called when a new image is available from ImageReader.
587          *
588          * @param reader the ImageReader the callback is associated with.
589          * @see ImageReader
590          * @see Image
591          */
onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader)592         void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader);
593     }
594 
595     /**
596      * Free up all the resources associated with this ImageReader.
597      *
598      * <p>
599      * After calling this method, this ImageReader can not be used. Calling
600      * any methods on this ImageReader and Images previously provided by
601      * {@link #acquireNextImage} or {@link #acquireLatestImage}
602      * will result in an {@link IllegalStateException}, and attempting to read from
603      * {@link ByteBuffer ByteBuffers} returned by an earlier
604      * {@link Image.Plane#getBuffer Plane#getBuffer} call will
605      * have undefined behavior.
606      * </p>
607      */
608     @Override
close()609     public void close() {
610         setOnImageAvailableListener(null, null);
611         if (mSurface != null) mSurface.release();
612 
613         /**
614          * Close all outstanding acquired images before closing the ImageReader. It is a good
615          * practice to close all the images as soon as it is not used to reduce system instantaneous
616          * memory pressure. CopyOnWrite list will use a copy of current list content. For the images
617          * being closed by other thread (e.g., GC thread), doubling the close call is harmless. For
618          * the image being acquired by other threads, mCloseLock is used to synchronize close and
619          * acquire operations.
620          */
621         synchronized (mCloseLock) {
622             mIsReaderValid = false;
623             for (Image image : mAcquiredImages) {
624                 image.close();
625             }
626             mAcquiredImages.clear();
627 
628             nativeClose();
629 
630             if (mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes > 0) {
631                 VMRuntime.getRuntime().registerNativeFree(mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes);
632                 mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes = 0;
633             }
634         }
635     }
636 
637     /**
638      * Discard any free buffers owned by this ImageReader.
639      *
640      * <p>
641      * Generally, the ImageReader caches buffers for reuse once they have been
642      * allocated, for best performance. However, sometimes it may be important to
643      * release all the cached, unused buffers to save on memory.
644      * </p>
645      * <p>
646      * Calling this method will discard all free cached buffers. This does not include any buffers
647      * associated with Images acquired from the ImageReader, any filled buffers waiting to be
648      * acquired, and any buffers currently in use by the source rendering buffers into the
649      * ImageReader's Surface.
650      * <p>
651      * The ImageReader continues to be usable after this call, but may need to reallocate buffers
652      * when more buffers are needed for rendering.
653      * </p>
654      */
discardFreeBuffers()655     public void discardFreeBuffers() {
656         synchronized (mCloseLock) {
657             nativeDiscardFreeBuffers();
658         }
659     }
660 
661     @Override
finalize()662     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
663         try {
664             close();
665         } finally {
666             super.finalize();
667         }
668     }
669 
670     /**
671      * <p>
672      * Remove the ownership of this image from the ImageReader.
673      * </p>
674      * <p>
675      * After this call, the ImageReader no longer owns this image, and the image
676      * ownership can be transfered to another entity like {@link ImageWriter}
677      * via {@link ImageWriter#queueInputImage}. It's up to the new owner to
678      * release the resources held by this image. For example, if the ownership
679      * of this image is transfered to an {@link ImageWriter}, the image will be
680      * freed by the ImageWriter after the image data consumption is done.
681      * </p>
682      * <p>
683      * This method can be used to achieve zero buffer copy for use cases like
684      * {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice Camera2 API} PRIVATE and YUV
685      * reprocessing, where the application can select an output image from
686      * {@link ImageReader} and transfer this image directly to
687      * {@link ImageWriter}, where this image can be consumed by camera directly.
688      * For PRIVATE reprocessing, this is the only way to send input buffers to
689      * the {@link android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice camera} for
690      * reprocessing.
691      * </p>
692      * <p>
693      * This is a package private method that is only used internally.
694      * </p>
695      *
696      * @param image The image to be detached from this ImageReader.
697      * @throws IllegalStateException If the ImageReader or image have been
698      *             closed, or the has been detached, or has not yet been
699      *             acquired.
700      */
detachImage(Image image)701      void detachImage(Image image) {
702        if (image == null) {
703            throw new IllegalArgumentException("input image must not be null");
704        }
705        if (!isImageOwnedbyMe(image)) {
706            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Trying to detach an image that is not owned by"
707                    + " this ImageReader");
708        }
709 
710         SurfaceImage si = (SurfaceImage) image;
711         si.throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
712 
713         if (si.isAttachable()) {
714             throw new IllegalStateException("Image was already detached from this ImageReader");
715         }
716 
717         nativeDetachImage(image);
718         si.clearSurfacePlanes();
719         si.mPlanes = null;
720         si.setDetached(true);
721     }
722 
isImageOwnedbyMe(Image image)723     private boolean isImageOwnedbyMe(Image image) {
724         if (!(image instanceof SurfaceImage)) {
725             return false;
726         }
727         SurfaceImage si = (SurfaceImage) image;
728         return si.getReader() == this;
729     }
730 
731     /**
732      * Called from Native code when an Event happens.
733      *
734      * This may be called from an arbitrary Binder thread, so access to the ImageReader must be
735      * synchronized appropriately.
736      */
postEventFromNative(Object selfRef)737     private static void postEventFromNative(Object selfRef) {
738         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
739         WeakReference<ImageReader> weakSelf = (WeakReference<ImageReader>)selfRef;
740         final ImageReader ir = weakSelf.get();
741         if (ir == null) {
742             return;
743         }
744 
745         final Handler handler;
746         synchronized (ir.mListenerLock) {
747             handler = ir.mListenerHandler;
748         }
749         if (handler != null) {
750             handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
751         }
752     }
753 
754     private final int mWidth;
755     private final int mHeight;
756     private final int mFormat;
757     private final int mMaxImages;
758     private final int mNumPlanes;
759     private final Surface mSurface;
760     private int mEstimatedNativeAllocBytes;
761 
762     private final Object mListenerLock = new Object();
763     private final Object mCloseLock = new Object();
764     private boolean mIsReaderValid = false;
765     private OnImageAvailableListener mListener;
766     private ListenerHandler mListenerHandler;
767     // Keep track of the successfully acquired Images. This need to be thread safe as the images
768     // could be closed by different threads (e.g., application thread and GC thread).
769     private List<Image> mAcquiredImages = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
770 
771     /**
772      * This field is used by native code, do not access or modify.
773      */
774     private long mNativeContext;
775 
776     /**
777      * This custom handler runs asynchronously so callbacks don't get queued behind UI messages.
778      */
779     private final class ListenerHandler extends Handler {
ListenerHandler(Looper looper)780         public ListenerHandler(Looper looper) {
781             super(looper, null, true /*async*/);
782         }
783 
784         @Override
handleMessage(Message msg)785         public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
786             OnImageAvailableListener listener;
787             synchronized (mListenerLock) {
788                 listener = mListener;
789             }
790 
791             // It's dangerous to fire onImageAvailable() callback when the ImageReader is being
792             // closed, as application could acquire next image in the onImageAvailable() callback.
793             boolean isReaderValid = false;
794             synchronized (mCloseLock) {
795                 isReaderValid = mIsReaderValid;
796             }
797             if (listener != null && isReaderValid) {
798                 listener.onImageAvailable(ImageReader.this);
799             }
800         }
801     }
802 
803     private class SurfaceImage extends android.media.Image {
SurfaceImage(int format)804         public SurfaceImage(int format) {
805             mFormat = format;
806         }
807 
808         @Override
close()809         public void close() {
810             ImageReader.this.releaseImage(this);
811         }
812 
getReader()813         public ImageReader getReader() {
814             return ImageReader.this;
815         }
816 
817         @Override
getFormat()818         public int getFormat() {
819             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
820             int readerFormat = ImageReader.this.getImageFormat();
821             // Assume opaque reader always produce opaque images.
822             mFormat = (readerFormat == ImageFormat.PRIVATE) ? readerFormat :
823                 nativeGetFormat(readerFormat);
824             return mFormat;
825         }
826 
827         @Override
getWidth()828         public int getWidth() {
829             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
830             int width;
831             switch(getFormat()) {
832                 case ImageFormat.JPEG:
833                 case ImageFormat.DEPTH_POINT_CLOUD:
834                 case ImageFormat.RAW_PRIVATE:
835                 case ImageFormat.DEPTH_JPEG:
836                 case ImageFormat.HEIC:
837                     width = ImageReader.this.getWidth();
838                     break;
839                 default:
840                     width = nativeGetWidth();
841             }
842             return width;
843         }
844 
845         @Override
getHeight()846         public int getHeight() {
847             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
848             int height;
849             switch(getFormat()) {
850                 case ImageFormat.JPEG:
851                 case ImageFormat.DEPTH_POINT_CLOUD:
852                 case ImageFormat.RAW_PRIVATE:
853                 case ImageFormat.DEPTH_JPEG:
854                 case ImageFormat.HEIC:
855                     height = ImageReader.this.getHeight();
856                     break;
857                 default:
858                     height = nativeGetHeight();
859             }
860             return height;
861         }
862 
863         @Override
getTimestamp()864         public long getTimestamp() {
865             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
866             return mTimestamp;
867         }
868 
869         @Override
getTransform()870         public int getTransform() {
871             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
872             return mTransform;
873         }
874 
875         @Override
getScalingMode()876         public int getScalingMode() {
877             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
878             return mScalingMode;
879         }
880 
881         @Override
getHardwareBuffer()882         public HardwareBuffer getHardwareBuffer() {
883             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
884             return nativeGetHardwareBuffer();
885         }
886 
887         @Override
setTimestamp(long timestampNs)888         public void setTimestamp(long timestampNs) {
889             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
890             mTimestamp = timestampNs;
891         }
892 
893         @Override
getPlanes()894         public Plane[] getPlanes() {
895             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
896 
897             if (mPlanes == null) {
898                 mPlanes = nativeCreatePlanes(ImageReader.this.mNumPlanes, ImageReader.this.mFormat);
899             }
900             // Shallow copy is fine.
901             return mPlanes.clone();
902         }
903 
904         @Override
finalize()905         protected final void finalize() throws Throwable {
906             try {
907                 close();
908             } finally {
909                 super.finalize();
910             }
911         }
912 
913         @Override
isAttachable()914         boolean isAttachable() {
915             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
916             return mIsDetached.get();
917         }
918 
919         @Override
getOwner()920         ImageReader getOwner() {
921             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
922             return ImageReader.this;
923         }
924 
925         @Override
getNativeContext()926         long getNativeContext() {
927             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
928             return mNativeBuffer;
929         }
930 
setDetached(boolean detached)931         private void setDetached(boolean detached) {
932             throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
933             mIsDetached.getAndSet(detached);
934         }
935 
clearSurfacePlanes()936         private void clearSurfacePlanes() {
937             // Image#getPlanes may not be called before the image is closed.
938             if (mIsImageValid && mPlanes != null) {
939                 for (int i = 0; i < mPlanes.length; i++) {
940                     if (mPlanes[i] != null) {
941                         mPlanes[i].clearBuffer();
942                         mPlanes[i] = null;
943                     }
944                 }
945             }
946         }
947 
948         private class SurfacePlane extends android.media.Image.Plane {
949             // SurfacePlane instance is created by native code when SurfaceImage#getPlanes() is
950             // called
SurfacePlane(int rowStride, int pixelStride, ByteBuffer buffer)951             private SurfacePlane(int rowStride, int pixelStride, ByteBuffer buffer) {
952                 mRowStride = rowStride;
953                 mPixelStride = pixelStride;
954                 mBuffer = buffer;
955                 /**
956                  * Set the byteBuffer order according to host endianness (native
957                  * order), otherwise, the byteBuffer order defaults to
958                  * ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN.
959                  */
960                 mBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
961             }
962 
963             @Override
getBuffer()964             public ByteBuffer getBuffer() {
965                 throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
966                 return mBuffer;
967             }
968 
969             @Override
getPixelStride()970             public int getPixelStride() {
971                 SurfaceImage.this.throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
972                 if (ImageReader.this.mFormat == ImageFormat.RAW_PRIVATE) {
973                     throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
974                             "getPixelStride is not supported for RAW_PRIVATE plane");
975                 }
976                 return mPixelStride;
977             }
978 
979             @Override
getRowStride()980             public int getRowStride() {
981                 SurfaceImage.this.throwISEIfImageIsInvalid();
982                 if (ImageReader.this.mFormat == ImageFormat.RAW_PRIVATE) {
983                     throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
984                             "getRowStride is not supported for RAW_PRIVATE plane");
985                 }
986                 return mRowStride;
987             }
988 
clearBuffer()989             private void clearBuffer() {
990                 // Need null check first, as the getBuffer() may not be called before an image
991                 // is closed.
992                 if (mBuffer == null) {
993                     return;
994                 }
995 
996                 if (mBuffer.isDirect()) {
997                     NioUtils.freeDirectBuffer(mBuffer);
998                 }
999                 mBuffer = null;
1000             }
1001 
1002             final private int mPixelStride;
1003             final private int mRowStride;
1004 
1005             private ByteBuffer mBuffer;
1006         }
1007 
1008         /**
1009          * This field is used to keep track of native object and used by native code only.
1010          * Don't modify.
1011          */
1012         private long mNativeBuffer;
1013 
1014         /**
1015          * These fields are set by native code during nativeImageSetup().
1016          */
1017         private long mTimestamp;
1018         private int mTransform;
1019         private int mScalingMode;
1020 
1021         private SurfacePlane[] mPlanes;
1022         private int mFormat = ImageFormat.UNKNOWN;
1023         // If this image is detached from the ImageReader.
1024         private AtomicBoolean mIsDetached = new AtomicBoolean(false);
1025 
nativeCreatePlanes(int numPlanes, int readerFormat)1026         private synchronized native SurfacePlane[] nativeCreatePlanes(int numPlanes,
1027                 int readerFormat);
nativeGetWidth()1028         private synchronized native int nativeGetWidth();
nativeGetHeight()1029         private synchronized native int nativeGetHeight();
nativeGetFormat(int readerFormat)1030         private synchronized native int nativeGetFormat(int readerFormat);
nativeGetHardwareBuffer()1031         private synchronized native HardwareBuffer nativeGetHardwareBuffer();
1032     }
1033 
nativeInit(Object weakSelf, int w, int h, int fmt, int maxImgs, long consumerUsage)1034     private synchronized native void nativeInit(Object weakSelf, int w, int h,
1035                                                     int fmt, int maxImgs, long consumerUsage);
nativeClose()1036     private synchronized native void nativeClose();
nativeReleaseImage(Image i)1037     private synchronized native void nativeReleaseImage(Image i);
nativeGetSurface()1038     private synchronized native Surface nativeGetSurface();
nativeDetachImage(Image i)1039     private synchronized native int nativeDetachImage(Image i);
nativeDiscardFreeBuffers()1040     private synchronized native void nativeDiscardFreeBuffers();
1041 
1042     /**
1043      * @return A return code {@code ACQUIRE_*}
1044      *
1045      * @see #ACQUIRE_SUCCESS
1046      * @see #ACQUIRE_NO_BUFS
1047      * @see #ACQUIRE_MAX_IMAGES
1048      */
nativeImageSetup(Image i)1049     private synchronized native int nativeImageSetup(Image i);
1050 
1051     /**
1052      * We use a class initializer to allow the native code to cache some
1053      * field offsets.
1054      */
nativeClassInit()1055     private static native void nativeClassInit();
1056     static {
1057         System.loadLibrary("media_jni");
nativeClassInit()1058         nativeClassInit();
1059     }
1060 }
1061