1#!/usr/bin/env perl
2# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
3# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
4# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
5# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
6# Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
7
8use strict;
9use warnings;
10use POSIX;
11use File::Basename;
12use Cwd 'abs_path';
13use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
14
15my $P = $0;
16my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
17
18my $V = '0.32';
19
20use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
21
22my $quiet = 0;
23my $tree = 1;
24my $chk_signoff = 1;
25my $chk_patch = 1;
26my $tst_only;
27my $emacs = 0;
28my $terse = 0;
29my $showfile = 0;
30my $file = 0;
31my $git = 0;
32my %git_commits = ();
33my $check = 0;
34my $check_orig = 0;
35my $summary = 1;
36my $mailback = 0;
37my $summary_file = 0;
38my $show_types = 0;
39my $list_types = 0;
40my $fix = 0;
41my $fix_inplace = 0;
42my $root;
43my %debug;
44my %camelcase = ();
45my %use_type = ();
46my @use = ();
47my %ignore_type = ();
48my @ignore = ();
49my $help = 0;
50my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
51my $max_line_length = 80;
52my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
53my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
54my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
55my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
56my $codespell = 0;
57my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
58my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
59my $typedefsfile = "";
60my $color = "auto";
61my $allow_c99_comments = 1;
62
63sub help {
64	my ($exitcode) = @_;
65
66	print << "EOM";
67Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
68Version: $V
69
70Options:
71  -q, --quiet                quiet
72  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
73  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
74  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
75  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
76  --terse                    one line per report
77  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
78  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
79                             single git commit with:
80                               <rev>
81                               <rev>^
82                               <rev>~n
83                             multiple git commits with:
84                               <rev1>..<rev2>
85                               <rev1>...<rev2>
86                               <rev>-<count>
87                             git merges are ignored
88  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
89  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
90  --list-types               list the possible message types
91  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
92  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
93  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
94  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
95  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
96  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
97  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
98  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
99  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
100  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
101                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
102                             is all off)
103  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
104                             literally
105  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
106                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
107                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
108                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
109                             checkpatch style
110  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
111                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
112                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
113  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
114                             runtime errors.
115  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
116                             (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
117  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
118  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
119  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
120                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
121  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
122
123When FILE is - read standard input.
124EOM
125
126	exit($exitcode);
127}
128
129sub uniq {
130	my %seen;
131	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
132}
133
134sub list_types {
135	my ($exitcode) = @_;
136
137	my $count = 0;
138
139	local $/ = undef;
140
141	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
142	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
143
144	my $text = <$script>;
145	close($script);
146
147	my @types = ();
148	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
149	for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
150		push (@types, $_);
151	}
152	@types = sort(uniq(@types));
153	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
154	foreach my $type (@types) {
155		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
156	}
157
158	exit($exitcode);
159}
160
161my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
162if (-f $conf) {
163	my @conf_args;
164	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
165	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
166
167	while (<$conffile>) {
168		my $line = $_;
169
170		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
171		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
172		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
173
174		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
175		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
176
177		my @words = split(" ", $line);
178		foreach my $word (@words) {
179			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
180			push (@conf_args, $word);
181		}
182	}
183	close($conffile);
184	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
185}
186
187# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
188# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
189foreach (@ARGV) {
190	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
191		$_ = "--color=$color";
192	}
193}
194
195GetOptions(
196	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
197	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
198	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
199	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
200	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
201	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
202	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
203	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
204	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
205	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
206	'strict!'	=> \$check,
207	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
208	'types=s'	=> \@use,
209	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
210	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
211	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
212	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
213	'root=s'	=> \$root,
214	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
215	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
216	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
217	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
218	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
219	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
220	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
221	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
222	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
223	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$codespellfile,
224	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
225	'color=s'	=> \$color,
226	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
227	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
228	'h|help'	=> \$help,
229	'version'	=> \$help
230) or help(1);
231
232help(0) if ($help);
233
234list_types(0) if ($list_types);
235
236$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
237$check_orig = $check;
238
239my $exit = 0;
240
241if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
242	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
243	if (!$ignore_perl_version) {
244		exit(1);
245	}
246}
247
248#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
249if ($#ARGV < 0) {
250	push(@ARGV, '-');
251}
252
253if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
254	$color = !$color;
255} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
256	$color = 1;
257} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
258	$color = 0;
259} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
260	$color = (-t STDOUT);
261} else {
262	die "Invalid color mode: $color\n";
263}
264
265sub hash_save_array_words {
266	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
267
268	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
269	foreach my $word (@array) {
270		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
271		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
272		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
273		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
274
275		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
276		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
277
278		$hashRef->{$word}++;
279	}
280}
281
282sub hash_show_words {
283	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
284
285	if (keys %$hashRef) {
286		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
287		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
288			print " $word";
289		}
290		print "\n";
291	}
292}
293
294hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
295hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
296
297my $dbg_values = 0;
298my $dbg_possible = 0;
299my $dbg_type = 0;
300my $dbg_attr = 0;
301for my $key (keys %debug) {
302	## no critic
303	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
304	die "$@" if ($@);
305}
306
307my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
308
309if ($terse) {
310	$emacs = 1;
311	$quiet++;
312}
313
314if ($tree) {
315	if (defined $root) {
316		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
317			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
318		}
319	} else {
320		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
321			$root = '.';
322		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
323						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
324			$root = $1;
325		}
326	}
327
328	if (!defined $root) {
329		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
330		exit(2);
331	}
332}
333
334my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
335
336our $Ident	= qr{
337			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
338			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
339		}x;
340our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
341our $Sparse	= qr{
342			__user|
343			__kernel|
344			__force|
345			__iomem|
346			__must_check|
347			__init_refok|
348			__kprobes|
349			__ref|
350			__rcu|
351			__private
352		}x;
353our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
354our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
355our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
356our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
357our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
358
359# Notes to $Attribute:
360# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
361our $Attribute	= qr{
362			const|
363			__percpu|
364			__nocast|
365			__safe|
366			__bitwise|
367			__packed__|
368			__packed2__|
369			__naked|
370			__maybe_unused|
371			__always_unused|
372			__noreturn|
373			__used|
374			__cold|
375			__pure|
376			__noclone|
377			__deprecated|
378			__read_mostly|
379			__kprobes|
380			$InitAttribute|
381			____cacheline_aligned|
382			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
383			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
384			__weak
385		  }x;
386our $Modifier;
387our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
388our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
389our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
390
391our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
392our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
393our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
394our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
395our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
396our $String	= qr{"[X\t]*"};
397our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
398our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
399our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
400our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
401our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
402our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
403our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
404our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
405our $Operators	= qr{
406			<=|>=|==|!=|
407			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
408			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
409		  }x;
410
411our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
412
413our $BasicType;
414our $NonptrType;
415our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
416our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
417our $Type;
418our $TypeMisordered;
419our $Declare;
420our $DeclareMisordered;
421
422our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
423	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
424	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
425	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
426	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
427	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
428	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
429	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
430}x;
431
432our $UTF8	= qr{
433	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
434	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
435}x;
436
437our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
438our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
439	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
440	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
441)};
442our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
443	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
444	atomic_t
445)};
446our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
447	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
448	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
449	$typeKernelTypedefs\b
450)};
451
452our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
453
454our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
455	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
456	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
457	TP_printk|
458	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
459	panic|
460	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
461	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
462)};
463
464our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
465	Signed-off-by:|
466	Acked-by:|
467	Tested-by:|
468	Reviewed-by:|
469	Reported-by:|
470	Suggested-by:|
471	To:|
472	Cc:
473)};
474
475our @typeListMisordered = (
476	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
477	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
478	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
479	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
480	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
481	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
482	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
483	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
484	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
485	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
486	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
487	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
488	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
489	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
490	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
491	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
492);
493
494our @typeList = (
495	qr{void},
496	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
497	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
498	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
499	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
500	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
501	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
502	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
503	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
504	qr{(?:un)?signed},
505	qr{float},
506	qr{double},
507	qr{bool},
508	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
509	qr{union\s+$Ident},
510	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
511	qr{${Ident}_t},
512	qr{${Ident}_handler},
513	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
514	@typeListMisordered,
515);
516
517our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
518	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
519	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
520	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
521	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
522	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
523	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
524	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
525
526	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
527	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
528	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
529	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
530	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
531	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
532	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
533
534	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
535	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
536)};
537
538our @typeListFile = ();
539our @typeListWithAttr = (
540	@typeList,
541	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
542	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
543);
544
545our @modifierList = (
546	qr{fastcall},
547);
548our @modifierListFile = ();
549
550our @mode_permission_funcs = (
551	["module_param", 3],
552	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
553	["module_param_array_named", 5],
554	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
555	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
556	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
557	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
558	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
559	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
560	["__ATTR", 2],
561);
562
563#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
564our $mode_perms_search = "";
565foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
566	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
567	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
568}
569$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
570
571our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
572	S_IWUGO		|
573	S_IWOTH		|
574	S_IRWXUGO	|
575	S_IALLUGO	|
576	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
577}x;
578
579our %mode_permission_string_types = (
580	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
581	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
582	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
583	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
584	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
585	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
586	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
587	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
588	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
589	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
590	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
591	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
592	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
593	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
594	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
595	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
596);
597
598#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
599our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
600foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
601	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
602	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
603}
604our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
605our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
606	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
607	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
608}x;
609
610sub perms_to_octal {
611	my ($string) = @_;
612
613	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
614
615	my $val = "";
616	my $oval = "";
617	my $to = 0;
618	my $curpos = 0;
619	my $lastpos = 0;
620	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
621		$curpos = pos($string);
622		my $match = $2;
623		my $omatch = $1;
624		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
625		$lastpos = $curpos;
626		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
627		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
628		$val .= $match;
629		$oval .= $omatch;
630	}
631	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
632	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
633	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
634}
635
636our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
637	irq|
638	memory|
639	time|
640	reboot
641)};
642# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
643
644# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
645my $misspellings;
646my %spelling_fix;
647
648if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
649	while (<$spelling>) {
650		my $line = $_;
651
652		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
653		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
654
655		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
656		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
657
658		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
659
660		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
661	}
662	close($spelling);
663} else {
664	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
665}
666
667if ($codespell) {
668	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
669		while (<$spelling>) {
670			my $line = $_;
671
672			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
673			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
674
675			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
676			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
677			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
678
679			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
680
681			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
682
683			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
684		}
685		close($spelling);
686	} else {
687		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
688	}
689}
690
691$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
692
693sub read_words {
694	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
695
696	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
697		while (<$words>) {
698			my $line = $_;
699
700			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
701			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
702
703			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
704			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
705			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
706				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
707				next;
708			}
709
710			$$wordsRef .= '|' if ($$wordsRef ne "");
711			$$wordsRef .= $line;
712		}
713		close($file);
714		return 1;
715	}
716
717	return 0;
718}
719
720my $const_structs = "";
721read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
722    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
723
724my $typeOtherTypedefs = "";
725if (length($typedefsfile)) {
726	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
727	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
728}
729$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if ($typeOtherTypedefs ne "");
730
731sub build_types {
732	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
733	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
734	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
735	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
736	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
737	$BasicType	= qr{
738				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
739				(?:${all}\b)
740		}x;
741	$NonptrType	= qr{
742			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
743			(?:
744				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
745				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
746				(?:${all}\b)
747			)
748			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
749		  }x;
750	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
751			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
752			(?:
753				(?:${Misordered}\b)
754			)
755			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
756		  }x;
757	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
758			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
759			(?:
760				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
761				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
762				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
763			)
764			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
765		  }x;
766	$Type	= qr{
767			$NonptrType
768			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
769			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
770		  }x;
771	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
772			$NonptrTypeMisordered
773			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
774			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
775		  }x;
776	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
777	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
778}
779build_types();
780
781our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
782
783# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
784# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
785# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
786
787our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
788our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
789our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
790
791our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
792	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
793	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
794	(?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(|
795	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
796)};
797
798sub deparenthesize {
799	my ($string) = @_;
800	return "" if (!defined($string));
801
802	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
803		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
804		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
805	}
806
807	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
808
809	return $string;
810}
811
812sub seed_camelcase_file {
813	my ($file) = @_;
814
815	return if (!(-f $file));
816
817	local $/;
818
819	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
820	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
821	my $text = <$include_file>;
822	close($include_file);
823
824	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
825
826	foreach my $line (@lines) {
827		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
828		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
829			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
830		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
831			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
832		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
833			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
834		}
835	}
836}
837
838sub is_maintained_obsolete {
839	my ($filename) = @_;
840
841	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
842
843	my $status = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
844
845	return $status =~ /obsolete/i;
846}
847
848my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
849sub seed_camelcase_includes {
850	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
851
852	my $files;
853	my $camelcase_cache = "";
854	my @include_files = ();
855
856	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
857
858	if (-e ".git") {
859		my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
860		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
861		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
862	} else {
863		my $last_mod_date = 0;
864		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
865		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
866		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
867			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
868						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
869			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
870		}
871		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
872	}
873
874	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
875		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
876		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
877		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
878			chomp;
879			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
880		}
881		close($camelcase_file);
882
883		return;
884	}
885
886	if (-e ".git") {
887		$files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
888		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
889	}
890
891	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
892		seed_camelcase_file($file);
893	}
894
895	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
896		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
897		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
898		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
899		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
900			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
901		}
902		close($camelcase_file);
903	}
904}
905
906sub git_commit_info {
907	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
908
909	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
910
911	my $output = `git log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
912	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
913	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
914
915	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
916
917	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous\./) {
918# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
919# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
920#
921#		echo "checking commits $1..."
922#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
923#		while read line ; do
924#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
925#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
926#		done
927	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
928		$id = undef;
929	} else {
930		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
931		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
932	}
933
934	return ($id, $desc);
935}
936
937$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
938
939my @rawlines = ();
940my @lines = ();
941my @fixed = ();
942my @fixed_inserted = ();
943my @fixed_deleted = ();
944my $fixlinenr = -1;
945
946# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
947# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
948die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
949
950if ($git) {
951	my @commits = ();
952	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
953		my $git_range;
954		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
955			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
956		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
957			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
958		} else {
959			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
960		}
961		my $lines = `git log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
962		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
963			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
964			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
965			my $sha1 = $1;
966			my $subject = $2;
967			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
968			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
969		}
970	}
971	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
972	@ARGV = @commits;
973}
974
975my $vname;
976for my $filename (@ARGV) {
977	my $FILE;
978	if ($git) {
979		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
980			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
981	} elsif ($file) {
982		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
983			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
984	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
985		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
986	} else {
987		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
988			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
989	}
990	if ($filename eq '-') {
991		$vname = 'Your patch';
992	} elsif ($git) {
993		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
994	} else {
995		$vname = $filename;
996	}
997	while (<$FILE>) {
998		chomp;
999		push(@rawlines, $_);
1000	}
1001	close($FILE);
1002
1003	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1004		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1005		print "$vname\n";
1006		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1007	}
1008
1009	if (!process($filename)) {
1010		$exit = 1;
1011	}
1012	@rawlines = ();
1013	@lines = ();
1014	@fixed = ();
1015	@fixed_inserted = ();
1016	@fixed_deleted = ();
1017	$fixlinenr = -1;
1018	@modifierListFile = ();
1019	@typeListFile = ();
1020	build_types();
1021}
1022
1023if (!$quiet) {
1024	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1025	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1026
1027	if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
1028		print << "EOM"
1029
1030NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1031      An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.
1032EOM
1033	}
1034	if ($exit) {
1035		print << "EOM"
1036
1037NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1038      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1039EOM
1040	}
1041}
1042
1043exit($exit);
1044
1045sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1046	my ($root) = @_;
1047
1048	my @tree_check = (
1049		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1050		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1051		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1052	);
1053
1054	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1055		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1056			return 0;
1057		}
1058	}
1059	return 1;
1060}
1061
1062sub parse_email {
1063	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1064
1065	my $name = "";
1066	my $address = "";
1067	my $comment = "";
1068
1069	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1070		$name = $1;
1071		$address = $2;
1072		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1073	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1074		$address = $1;
1075		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1076	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1077		$address = $1;
1078		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1079		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1080		$name = $formatted_email;
1081		$name = trim($name);
1082		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1083		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1084		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1085		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1086		# is invalid. ie:
1087		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1088		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1089		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1090			$name = "";
1091			$address = "";
1092			$comment = "";
1093		}
1094	}
1095
1096	$name = trim($name);
1097	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1098	$address = trim($address);
1099	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1100
1101	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1102		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1103		$name = "\"$name\"";
1104	}
1105
1106	return ($name, $address, $comment);
1107}
1108
1109sub format_email {
1110	my ($name, $address) = @_;
1111
1112	my $formatted_email;
1113
1114	$name = trim($name);
1115	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1116	$address = trim($address);
1117
1118	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1119		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1120		$name = "\"$name\"";
1121	}
1122
1123	if ("$name" eq "") {
1124		$formatted_email = "$address";
1125	} else {
1126		$formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
1127	}
1128
1129	return $formatted_email;
1130}
1131
1132sub which {
1133	my ($bin) = @_;
1134
1135	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1136		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1137			return "$path/$bin";
1138		}
1139	}
1140
1141	return "";
1142}
1143
1144sub which_conf {
1145	my ($conf) = @_;
1146
1147	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1148		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1149			return "$path/$conf";
1150		}
1151	}
1152
1153	return "";
1154}
1155
1156sub expand_tabs {
1157	my ($str) = @_;
1158
1159	my $res = '';
1160	my $n = 0;
1161	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1162		if ($c eq "\t") {
1163			$res .= ' ';
1164			$n++;
1165			for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
1166				$res .= ' ';
1167			}
1168			next;
1169		}
1170		$res .= $c;
1171		$n++;
1172	}
1173
1174	return $res;
1175}
1176sub copy_spacing {
1177	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1178	return $res;
1179}
1180
1181sub line_stats {
1182	my ($line) = @_;
1183
1184	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1185	$line =~ s/^.//;
1186	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1187
1188	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1189	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1190
1191	return (length($line), length($white));
1192}
1193
1194my $sanitise_quote = '';
1195
1196sub sanitise_line_reset {
1197	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1198
1199	if ($in_comment) {
1200		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1201	} else {
1202		$sanitise_quote = '';
1203	}
1204}
1205sub sanitise_line {
1206	my ($line) = @_;
1207
1208	my $res = '';
1209	my $l = '';
1210
1211	my $qlen = 0;
1212	my $off = 0;
1213	my $c;
1214
1215	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1216	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1217
1218	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1219		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1220
1221		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1222		# and end, all to $;.
1223		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1224			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1225
1226			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1227			$off++;
1228			next;
1229		}
1230		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1231			$sanitise_quote = '';
1232			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1233			$off++;
1234			next;
1235		}
1236		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1237			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1238
1239			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1240			$off++;
1241			next;
1242		}
1243
1244		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1245		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1246		    $c eq "\\") {
1247			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1248			$off++;
1249			next;
1250		}
1251		# Regular quotes.
1252		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1253			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1254				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1255
1256				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1257				next;
1258			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1259				$sanitise_quote = '';
1260			}
1261		}
1262
1263		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1264		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1265			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1266		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1267			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1268		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1269			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1270		} else {
1271			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1272		}
1273	}
1274
1275	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1276		$sanitise_quote = '';
1277	}
1278
1279	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1280	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1281		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1282		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1283
1284	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1285	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1286		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1287		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1288	}
1289
1290	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1291		my $match = $1;
1292		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1293	}
1294
1295	return $res;
1296}
1297
1298sub get_quoted_string {
1299	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1300
1301	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1302	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1303	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1304}
1305
1306sub ctx_statement_block {
1307	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1308	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1309	my $blk = '';
1310	my $soff = $off;
1311	my $coff = $off - 1;
1312	my $coff_set = 0;
1313
1314	my $loff = 0;
1315
1316	my $type = '';
1317	my $level = 0;
1318	my @stack = ();
1319	my $p;
1320	my $c;
1321	my $len = 0;
1322
1323	my $remainder;
1324	while (1) {
1325		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1326
1327		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1328		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1329		# context.
1330		if ($off >= $len) {
1331			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1332				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1333				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1334				$remain--;
1335				$loff = $len;
1336				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1337				$len = length($blk);
1338				$line++;
1339				last;
1340			}
1341			# Bail if there is no further context.
1342			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1343			if ($off >= $len) {
1344				last;
1345			}
1346			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1347				$level++;
1348				$type = '#';
1349			}
1350		}
1351		$p = $c;
1352		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1353		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1354
1355		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1356
1357		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1358		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1359			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1360		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1361			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1362		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1363			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1364		}
1365
1366		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1367		# outermost level.
1368		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1369			last;
1370		}
1371
1372		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1373		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1374				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1375				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1376				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1377			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1378			$coff_set = 1;
1379			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1380			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1381		}
1382
1383		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1384			$level++;
1385			$type = '(';
1386		}
1387		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1388			$level--;
1389			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1390
1391			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1392				$coff = $off;
1393				$coff_set = 1;
1394				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1395			}
1396		}
1397		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1398			$level++;
1399			$type = '{';
1400		}
1401		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1402			$level--;
1403			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1404
1405			if ($level == 0) {
1406				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1407					$off++;
1408				}
1409				last;
1410			}
1411		}
1412		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1413		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1414			$level--;
1415			$type = '';
1416			$off++;
1417			last;
1418		}
1419		$off++;
1420	}
1421	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1422	if ($off == $len) {
1423		$loff = $len + 1;
1424		$line++;
1425		$remain--;
1426	}
1427
1428	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1429	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1430
1431	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1432	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1433
1434	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1435
1436	return ($statement, $condition,
1437			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1438}
1439
1440sub statement_lines {
1441	my ($stmt) = @_;
1442
1443	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1444	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1445	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1446	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1447
1448	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1449
1450	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1451}
1452
1453sub statement_rawlines {
1454	my ($stmt) = @_;
1455
1456	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1457
1458	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1459}
1460
1461sub statement_block_size {
1462	my ($stmt) = @_;
1463
1464	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1465	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1466	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1467	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1468	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1469
1470	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1471	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1472
1473	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1474	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1475
1476	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1477		return $stmt_lines;
1478	} else {
1479		return $stmt_statements;
1480	}
1481}
1482
1483sub ctx_statement_full {
1484	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1485	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1486
1487	my (@chunks);
1488
1489	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1490	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1491				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1492	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1493	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1494	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1495		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1496	}
1497
1498	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1499	# could continue the statement.
1500	for (;;) {
1501		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1502				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1503		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1504		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1505		#print "C: push\n";
1506		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1507	}
1508
1509	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1510}
1511
1512sub ctx_block_get {
1513	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1514	my $line;
1515	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1516	my $blk = '';
1517	my @o;
1518	my @c;
1519	my @res = ();
1520
1521	my $level = 0;
1522	my @stack = ($level);
1523	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1524		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1525		$remain--;
1526
1527		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1528
1529		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1530		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1531			push(@stack, $level);
1532		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1533			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1534		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1535			$level = pop(@stack);
1536		}
1537
1538		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1539			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1540			if ($off > 0) {
1541				$off--;
1542				next;
1543			}
1544
1545			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1546				$level--;
1547				last if ($level == 0);
1548			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1549				$level++;
1550			}
1551		}
1552
1553		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1554			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1555		}
1556
1557		last if ($level == 0);
1558	}
1559
1560	return ($level, @res);
1561}
1562sub ctx_block_outer {
1563	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1564
1565	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1566	return @r;
1567}
1568sub ctx_block {
1569	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1570
1571	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1572	return @r;
1573}
1574sub ctx_statement {
1575	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1576
1577	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1578	return @r;
1579}
1580sub ctx_block_level {
1581	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1582
1583	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1584}
1585sub ctx_statement_level {
1586	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1587
1588	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1589}
1590
1591sub ctx_locate_comment {
1592	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1593
1594	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1595	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1596	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1597
1598	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1599	# comment.
1600	my $in_comment = 0;
1601	$current_comment = '';
1602	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1603		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1604		#warn "           $line\n";
1605		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1606			$in_comment = 1;
1607		}
1608		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1609			$in_comment = 1;
1610		}
1611		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1612			$current_comment = '';
1613		}
1614		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1615		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1616			$in_comment = 0;
1617		}
1618	}
1619
1620	chomp($current_comment);
1621	return($current_comment);
1622}
1623sub ctx_has_comment {
1624	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1625	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1626
1627	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1628	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1629
1630	return ($cmt ne '');
1631}
1632
1633sub raw_line {
1634	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1635
1636	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1637	$cnt++;
1638
1639	my $line;
1640	while ($cnt) {
1641		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1642		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1643		$cnt--;
1644	}
1645
1646	return $line;
1647}
1648
1649sub get_stat_real {
1650	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1651
1652	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1653	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1654		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1655	}
1656
1657	return $stat_real;
1658}
1659
1660sub get_stat_here {
1661	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1662
1663	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1664	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1665		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1666	}
1667
1668	return $herectx;
1669}
1670
1671sub cat_vet {
1672	my ($vet) = @_;
1673	my ($res, $coded);
1674
1675	$res = '';
1676	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1677		$res .= $1;
1678		if ($2 ne '') {
1679			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1680			$res .= $coded;
1681		}
1682	}
1683	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
1684
1685	return $res;
1686}
1687
1688my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1689my $av_pending;
1690my @av_paren_type;
1691my $av_pend_colon;
1692
1693sub annotate_reset {
1694	$av_preprocessor = 0;
1695	$av_pending = '_';
1696	@av_paren_type = ('E');
1697	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1698}
1699
1700sub annotate_values {
1701	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1702
1703	my $res;
1704	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1705	my $cur = $stream;
1706
1707	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1708
1709	while (length($cur)) {
1710		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1711		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1712				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1713		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1714			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1715			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1716				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1717				$av_preprocessor = 0;
1718			}
1719
1720		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1721			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1722			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1723			$type = 'c';
1724
1725		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1726			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1727			$type = 'T';
1728
1729		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1730			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1731			$type = 'T';
1732
1733		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1734			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1735			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1736			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1737			if ($2 ne '') {
1738				$av_pending = 'N';
1739			}
1740			$type = 'E';
1741
1742		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1743			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1744			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1745			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1746
1747		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1748			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1749			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1750
1751			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1752			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1753			$type = 'E';
1754
1755		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1756			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1757			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1758
1759			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1760
1761			$type = 'E';
1762
1763		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1764			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1765
1766			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1767
1768			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1769			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1770			pop(@av_paren_type);
1771			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1772			$type = 'E';
1773
1774		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1775			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1776
1777		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1778			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1779			$av_pending = $type;
1780			$type = 'N';
1781
1782		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1783			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1784			if (defined $2) {
1785				$av_pending = 'V';
1786			}
1787			$type = 'N';
1788
1789		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1790			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1791			$av_pending = 'E';
1792			$type = 'N';
1793
1794		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1795			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1796			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
1797			$type = 'N';
1798
1799		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1800			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1801			$type = 'N';
1802
1803		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1804			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1805			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1806			$av_pending = '_';
1807			$type = 'N';
1808
1809		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1810			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1811			if ($new_type ne '_') {
1812				$type = $new_type;
1813				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1814							if ($dbg_values > 1);
1815			} else {
1816				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1817			}
1818
1819		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1820			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1821			$type = 'V';
1822			$av_pending = 'V';
1823
1824		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1825			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1826				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
1827			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1828				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
1829			}
1830			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1831			$type = 'V';
1832
1833		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1834			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1835			$type = 'V';
1836
1837		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1838			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1839			$type = 'N';
1840
1841		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1842			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1843			$type = 'E';
1844			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1845
1846		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1847			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1848			$type = 'C';
1849
1850		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1851			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1852			$type = 'N';
1853
1854		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1855			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1856
1857			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1858			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1859				$type = 'E';
1860			} else {
1861				$type = 'N';
1862			}
1863			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1864
1865		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1866			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1867			$type = 'N';
1868
1869		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1870			my $variant;
1871
1872			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1873			if ($type eq 'V') {
1874				$variant = 'B';
1875			} else {
1876				$variant = 'U';
1877			}
1878
1879			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1880			$type = 'N';
1881
1882		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1883			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1884			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1885				$type = 'N';
1886			}
1887
1888		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1889			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1890		}
1891		if (defined $1) {
1892			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1893			$res .= $type x length($1);
1894		}
1895	}
1896
1897	return ($res, $var);
1898}
1899
1900sub possible {
1901	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1902	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1903		^(?:
1904			$Modifier|
1905			$Storage|
1906			$Type|
1907			DEFINE_\S+
1908		)$|
1909		^(?:
1910			goto|
1911			return|
1912			case|
1913			else|
1914			asm|__asm__|
1915			do|
1916			\#|
1917			\#\#|
1918		)(?:\s|$)|
1919		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1920	    )}x;
1921	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1922	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1923		# Check for modifiers.
1924		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1925		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1926		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1927
1928		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1929			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1930			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1931				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1932					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1933					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1934				}
1935			}
1936
1937		} else {
1938			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1939			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1940		}
1941		build_types();
1942	} else {
1943		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1944	}
1945}
1946
1947my $prefix = '';
1948
1949sub show_type {
1950	my ($type) = @_;
1951
1952	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
1953
1954	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1955
1956	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1957}
1958
1959sub report {
1960	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1961
1962	if (!show_type($type) ||
1963	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1964		return 0;
1965	}
1966	my $output = '';
1967	if ($color) {
1968		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
1969			$output .= RED;
1970		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
1971			$output .= YELLOW;
1972		} else {
1973			$output .= GREEN;
1974		}
1975	}
1976	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
1977	if ($show_types) {
1978		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
1979		$output .= "$type:";
1980	}
1981	$output .= RESET if ($color);
1982	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
1983
1984	if ($showfile) {
1985		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
1986		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
1987		$output = join("\n", @lines);
1988	}
1989	$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
1990
1991	push(our @report, $output);
1992
1993	return 1;
1994}
1995
1996sub report_dump {
1997	our @report;
1998}
1999
2000sub fixup_current_range {
2001	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2002
2003	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2004		my $o = $1;
2005		my $l = $2;
2006		my $no = $o + $offset;
2007		my $nl = $l + $length;
2008		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2009	}
2010}
2011
2012sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2013	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2014
2015	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2016	my $delta_offset = 0;
2017
2018	my $old_linenr = 0;
2019	my $new_linenr = 0;
2020
2021	my $next_insert = 0;
2022	my $next_delete = 0;
2023
2024	my @lines = ();
2025
2026	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2027	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2028
2029	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2030		my $save_line = 1;
2031		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2032		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2033			$delta_offset = 0;
2034		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2035			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2036			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2037		}
2038
2039		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2040			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2041			$save_line = 0;
2042			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2043		}
2044
2045		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2046			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2047			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2048			$new_linenr++;
2049			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2050		}
2051
2052		if ($save_line) {
2053			push(@lines, $line);
2054			$new_linenr++;
2055		}
2056
2057		$old_linenr++;
2058	}
2059
2060	return @lines;
2061}
2062
2063sub fix_insert_line {
2064	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2065
2066	my $inserted = {
2067		LINENR => $linenr,
2068		LINE => $line,
2069	};
2070	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2071}
2072
2073sub fix_delete_line {
2074	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2075
2076	my $deleted = {
2077		LINENR => $linenr,
2078		LINE => $line,
2079	};
2080
2081	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2082}
2083
2084sub ERROR {
2085	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2086
2087	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2088		our $clean = 0;
2089		our $cnt_error++;
2090		return 1;
2091	}
2092	return 0;
2093}
2094sub WARN {
2095	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2096
2097	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2098		our $clean = 0;
2099		our $cnt_warn++;
2100		return 1;
2101	}
2102	return 0;
2103}
2104sub CHK {
2105	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2106
2107	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2108		our $clean = 0;
2109		our $cnt_chk++;
2110		return 1;
2111	}
2112	return 0;
2113}
2114
2115sub check_absolute_file {
2116	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2117	my $file = $absolute;
2118
2119	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2120
2121	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2122	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2123		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2124			##print "file<$file>\n";
2125			last;
2126		}
2127	}
2128	if (! -f _)  {
2129		return 0;
2130	}
2131
2132	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2133	my $prefix = $absolute;
2134	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2135
2136	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2137	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2138		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2139		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2140	}
2141}
2142
2143sub trim {
2144	my ($string) = @_;
2145
2146	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2147
2148	return $string;
2149}
2150
2151sub ltrim {
2152	my ($string) = @_;
2153
2154	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2155
2156	return $string;
2157}
2158
2159sub rtrim {
2160	my ($string) = @_;
2161
2162	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2163
2164	return $string;
2165}
2166
2167sub string_find_replace {
2168	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2169
2170	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2171
2172	return $string;
2173}
2174
2175sub tabify {
2176	my ($leading) = @_;
2177
2178	my $source_indent = 8;
2179	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2180	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2181
2182	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2183	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2184	#Remove spaces before a tab
2185	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2186
2187	return "$leading";
2188}
2189
2190sub pos_last_openparen {
2191	my ($line) = @_;
2192
2193	my $pos = 0;
2194
2195	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2196	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2197
2198	my $last_openparen = 0;
2199
2200	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2201		return -1;
2202	}
2203
2204	my $len = length($line);
2205
2206	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2207		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2208		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2209			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2210		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2211			$last_openparen = $pos;
2212		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2213			last;
2214		}
2215	}
2216
2217	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2218}
2219
2220sub process {
2221	my $filename = shift;
2222
2223	my $linenr=0;
2224	my $prevline="";
2225	my $prevrawline="";
2226	my $stashline="";
2227	my $stashrawline="";
2228
2229	my $length;
2230	my $indent;
2231	my $previndent=0;
2232	my $stashindent=0;
2233
2234	our $clean = 1;
2235	my $signoff = 0;
2236	my $is_patch = 0;
2237	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2238	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2239	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2240	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2241	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2242	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2243	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2244	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2245
2246	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2247	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2248
2249	our @report = ();
2250	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2251	our $cnt_error = 0;
2252	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2253	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2254
2255	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2256	my $realfile = '';
2257	my $realline = 0;
2258	my $realcnt = 0;
2259	my $here = '';
2260	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2261	my $in_comment = 0;
2262	my $comment_edge = 0;
2263	my $first_line = 0;
2264	my $p1_prefix = '';
2265
2266	my $prev_values = 'E';
2267
2268	# suppression flags
2269	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2270	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2271	my %suppress_export;
2272	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2273
2274	my %signatures = ();
2275
2276	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2277	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2278	#
2279	my @setup_docs = ();
2280	my $setup_docs = 0;
2281
2282	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2283
2284	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2285
2286	sanitise_line_reset();
2287	my $line;
2288	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2289		$linenr++;
2290		$line = $rawline;
2291
2292		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2293
2294		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2295			$setup_docs = 0;
2296			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst$@) {
2297				$setup_docs = 1;
2298			}
2299			#next;
2300		}
2301		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2302			$realline=$1-1;
2303			if (defined $2) {
2304				$realcnt=$3+1;
2305			} else {
2306				$realcnt=1+1;
2307			}
2308			$in_comment = 0;
2309
2310			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2311			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2312			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2313			# at context start.
2314			my $edge;
2315			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2316			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2317				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2318					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2319				$cnt--;
2320				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2321				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2322				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2323				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2324					($edge) = $1;
2325					last;
2326				}
2327			}
2328			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2329				$in_comment = 1;
2330			}
2331
2332			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2333			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2334			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2335			if (!defined $edge &&
2336			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2337			{
2338				$in_comment = 1;
2339			}
2340
2341			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2342			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2343
2344		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2345			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2346			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2347			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2348		}
2349		push(@lines, $line);
2350
2351		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2352			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2353		} else {
2354			$realcnt = 0;
2355		}
2356
2357		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2358		#print "-->$line\n";
2359
2360		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2361			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2362		}
2363	}
2364
2365	$prefix = '';
2366
2367	$realcnt = 0;
2368	$linenr = 0;
2369	$fixlinenr = -1;
2370	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2371		$linenr++;
2372		$fixlinenr++;
2373		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2374		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2375
2376		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2377
2378#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2379		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2380		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2381			my $context = $4;
2382			$is_patch = 1;
2383			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2384			$realline=$1-1;
2385			if (defined $2) {
2386				$realcnt=$3+1;
2387			} else {
2388				$realcnt=1+1;
2389			}
2390			annotate_reset();
2391			$prev_values = 'E';
2392
2393			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2394			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2395			%suppress_export = ();
2396			$suppress_statement = 0;
2397			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2398				$context_function = $1;
2399			} else {
2400				undef $context_function;
2401			}
2402			next;
2403
2404# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2405# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2406# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2407		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2408			$realline++;
2409			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2410
2411			# Measure the line length and indent.
2412			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2413
2414			# Track the previous line.
2415			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2416			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2417			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2418
2419			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2420
2421		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2422			$realcnt--;
2423		}
2424
2425		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2426
2427		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2428		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2429
2430		my $found_file = 0;
2431		# extract the filename as it passes
2432		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2433			$realfile = $1;
2434			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2435			$in_commit_log = 0;
2436			$found_file = 1;
2437		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2438			$realfile = $1;
2439			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2440			$in_commit_log = 0;
2441
2442			$p1_prefix = $1;
2443			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2444			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2445				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2446				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2447			}
2448
2449			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2450				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2451				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2452			}
2453			$found_file = 1;
2454		}
2455
2456#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2457		if ($showfile) {
2458			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2459		} elsif ($emacs) {
2460			if ($file) {
2461				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2462			} else {
2463				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2464			}
2465		}
2466
2467		if ($found_file) {
2468			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2469				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2470				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2471			}
2472			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2473				$check = 1;
2474			} else {
2475				$check = $check_orig;
2476			}
2477			$checklicenseline = 1;
2478			next;
2479		}
2480
2481		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2482
2483		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2484		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2485		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2486
2487		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2488
2489# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2490		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2491		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2492		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2493		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2494		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2495			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2496			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2497			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2498		}
2499
2500# Check for incorrect file permissions
2501		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2502			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2503			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2504			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2505				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2506				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2507			}
2508		}
2509
2510# Check the patch for a signoff:
2511		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2512			$signoff++;
2513			$in_commit_log = 0;
2514		}
2515
2516# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2517# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2518		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2519			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2520		}
2521
2522# Check signature styles
2523		if (!$in_header_lines &&
2524		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2525			my $space_before = $1;
2526			my $sign_off = $2;
2527			my $space_after = $3;
2528			my $email = $4;
2529			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2530
2531			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2532				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2533				     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2534			}
2535			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2536				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2537					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2538				    $fix) {
2539					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2540					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2541				}
2542			}
2543			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2544				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2545					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2546				    $fix) {
2547					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2548					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2549				}
2550
2551			}
2552			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2553				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2554					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2555				    $fix) {
2556					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2557					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2558				}
2559			}
2560
2561			my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2562			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2563			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2564				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2565				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2566			} else {
2567				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2568				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2569				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2570				# Don't force email to have quotes
2571				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
2572				if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2573				    "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2574				    "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2575					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2576					     "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2577				}
2578			}
2579
2580# Check for duplicate signatures
2581			my $sig_nospace = $line;
2582			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2583			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2584			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2585				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2586				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2587			} else {
2588				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2589			}
2590		}
2591
2592# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2593		if ($in_header_lines &&
2594		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2595			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2596			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2597		}
2598
2599# Check for old stable address
2600		if ($line =~ /^\s*cc:\s*.*<?\bstable\@kernel\.org\b>?.*$/i) {
2601			ERROR("STABLE_ADDRESS",
2602			      "The 'stable' address should be 'stable\@vger.kernel.org'\n" . $herecurr);
2603		}
2604
2605# Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2606		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2607			ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2608			      "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2609		}
2610
2611# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2612		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2613		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2614		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2615					# timestamp
2616		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/)) {
2617					# stack dump address
2618			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2619		}
2620
2621# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2622		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2623		    length($line) > 75 &&
2624		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2625					# file delta changes
2626		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2627					# filename then :
2628		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2629					# A Fixes: or Link: line
2630		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2631			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2632			     "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2633			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
2634		}
2635
2636# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2637		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2638		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2639			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2640		}
2641
2642# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2643		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2644		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink):/i &&
2645		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
2646		    ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2647		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
2648		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2649		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2650			my $init_char = "c";
2651			my $orig_commit = "";
2652			my $short = 1;
2653			my $long = 0;
2654			my $case = 1;
2655			my $space = 1;
2656			my $hasdesc = 0;
2657			my $hasparens = 0;
2658			my $id = '0123456789ab';
2659			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2660			my $description = "";
2661
2662			if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2663				$init_char = $1;
2664				$orig_commit = lc($2);
2665			} elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2666				$orig_commit = lc($1);
2667			}
2668
2669			$short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2670			$long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2671			$space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2672			$case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2673			if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2674				$orig_desc = $1;
2675				$hasparens = 1;
2676			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2677				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2678				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2679				$orig_desc = $1;
2680				$hasparens = 1;
2681			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2682				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2683				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2684				$line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2685				$orig_desc = $1;
2686				$rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2687				$orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2688				$hasparens = 1;
2689			}
2690
2691			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2692							      $id, $orig_desc);
2693
2694			if (defined($id) &&
2695			   ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
2696				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2697				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2698			}
2699		}
2700
2701# Check for added, moved or deleted files
2702		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2703		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2704		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2705		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2706		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2707			$is_patch = 1;
2708			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2709			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2710			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2711		}
2712
2713# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2714		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2715			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2716			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2717				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2718		}
2719
2720# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2721		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2722		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2723			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2724
2725			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2726			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2727			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2728
2729			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2730			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2731		}
2732
2733# Check if it's the start of a commit log
2734# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2735		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2736		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
2737		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
2738			$in_header_lines = 0;
2739			$in_commit_log = 1;
2740			$has_commit_log = 1;
2741		}
2742
2743# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2744# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2745		if ($in_header_lines &&
2746		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2747		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2748			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
2749		}
2750
2751		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2752		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2753			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2754			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2755		}
2756
2757# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
2758		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
2759			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2760				my $file = $1;
2761
2762				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2763				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2764					#
2765				} else {
2766					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2767				}
2768			}
2769		}
2770
2771# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2772		if (defined($misspellings) &&
2773		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2774			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2775				my $typo = $1;
2776				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2777				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2778				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2779				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
2780				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2781				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2782						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2783				    $fix) {
2784					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2785				}
2786			}
2787		}
2788
2789# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2790		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2791
2792#trailing whitespace
2793		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2794			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2795			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2796				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2797			    $fix) {
2798				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2799			}
2800		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2801			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2802			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2803				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2804			    $fix) {
2805				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2806			}
2807
2808			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2809		}
2810
2811# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2812		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2813		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
2814		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2815		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2816			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2817			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
2818			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2819			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2820				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2821		}
2822
2823# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2824# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2825# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2826		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2827		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
2828		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
2829		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
2830		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
2831			my $length = 0;
2832			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2833			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2834			my $f;
2835			my $is_start = 0;
2836			my $is_end = 0;
2837			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2838				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2839				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2840				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2841
2842				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2843				last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2844
2845				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
2846					$is_start = 1;
2847				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:help|---help---)\s*$/) {
2848					if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ "---help---") {
2849						WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2850						     "prefer 'help' over '---help---' for new help texts\n" . $herecurr);
2851					}
2852					$length = -1;
2853				}
2854
2855				$f =~ s/^.//;
2856				$f =~ s/#.*//;
2857				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
2858				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2859
2860				# This only checks context lines in the patch
2861				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
2862				# positives, even though some of these are
2863				# common words in help texts
2864				if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
2865						  if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
2866					$is_end = 1;
2867					last;
2868				}
2869				$length++;
2870			}
2871			if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
2872				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2873				     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
2874			}
2875			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2876		}
2877
2878# check for MAINTAINERS entries that don't have the right form
2879		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/ &&
2880		    $rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
2881		    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
2882			if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
2883				 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
2884			    $fix) {
2885				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
2886			}
2887		}
2888
2889# discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
2890		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2891		    $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
2892			WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
2893			     "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
2894		}
2895
2896		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2897		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2898			my $flag = $1;
2899			my $replacement = {
2900				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2901				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2902				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2903				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2904			};
2905
2906			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2907			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2908		}
2909
2910# check for DT compatible documentation
2911		if (defined $root &&
2912			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2913			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2914
2915			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2916
2917			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2918			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2919
2920			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2921				my $compat2 = $compat;
2922				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2923				my $compat3 = $compat;
2924				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
2925				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
2926				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2927					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2928					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2929				}
2930
2931				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2932				my $vendor = $1;
2933				`grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2934				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2935					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2936					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2937				}
2938			}
2939		}
2940
2941# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
2942		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
2943			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
2944				$checklicenseline = 2;
2945			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
2946				my $comment = "";
2947				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
2948					$comment = '/*';
2949				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
2950					$comment = '//';
2951				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc)$/) {
2952					$comment = '#';
2953				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
2954					$comment = '..';
2955				}
2956
2957				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
2958				    $rawline !~ /^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: /) {
2959					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
2960					     "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
2961				}
2962			}
2963		}
2964
2965# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
2966		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
2967
2968# line length limit (with some exclusions)
2969#
2970# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
2971#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
2972#	lines with a single string
2973#	#defines that are a single string
2974#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
2975#
2976# There are 3 different line length message types:
2977# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
2978# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
2979# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
2980#
2981# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
2982#
2983
2984		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
2985			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
2986
2987			# Check the allowed long line types first
2988
2989			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
2990			# before $max_line_length
2991			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
2992			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2993				$msg_type = "";
2994
2995			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
2996			# #defines with only strings
2997			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
2998				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
2999				$msg_type = "";
3000
3001			# More special cases
3002			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3003				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3004				$msg_type = "";
3005
3006			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3007			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3008				$msg_type = "";
3009
3010			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3011
3012			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3013			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3014				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3015				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3016
3017			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3018			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3019				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3020				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3021			}
3022
3023			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3024			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3025				WARN($msg_type,
3026				     "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
3027			}
3028		}
3029
3030# check for adding lines without a newline.
3031		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3032			WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3033			     "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
3034		}
3035
3036# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3037		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3038
3039# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3040# more than 8 must use tabs.
3041		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3042		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3043			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3044			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3045			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3046				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3047			    $fix) {
3048				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3049			}
3050		}
3051
3052# check for space before tabs.
3053		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3054			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3055			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3056				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3057			    $fix) {
3058				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3059					   s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3060				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3061					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3062			}
3063		}
3064
3065# check for assignments on the start of a line
3066		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3067			CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3068			    "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3069		}
3070
3071# check for && or || at the start of a line
3072		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3073			CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3074			    "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3075		}
3076
3077# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3078		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3079		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3080			my $indent = length($1);
3081			if ($indent % 8) {
3082				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3083					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3084				    $fix) {
3085					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/8)@e;
3086				}
3087			}
3088		}
3089
3090# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3091		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3092		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3093			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3094			my $oldindent = $1;
3095			my $rest = $2;
3096
3097			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3098			if ($pos >= 0) {
3099				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3100				my $newindent = $2;
3101
3102				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3103					"\t" x ($pos / 8) .
3104					" "  x ($pos % 8);
3105				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3106
3107				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3108				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3109
3110					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3111						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3112					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3113						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3114						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3115					}
3116				}
3117			}
3118		}
3119
3120# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3121# avoid checking a few false positives:
3122#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3123#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3124#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3125#   multiline macros that define functions
3126#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3127		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3128		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3129			if (CHK("SPACING",
3130				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3131			    $fix) {
3132				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3133				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3134			}
3135		}
3136
3137# Block comment styles
3138# Networking with an initial /*
3139		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3140		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3141		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3142		    $realline > 2) {
3143			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3144			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3145		}
3146
3147# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3148		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3149		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
3150		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
3151		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
3152		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
3153			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3154			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3155		}
3156
3157# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3158		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
3159		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
3160		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
3161		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
3162			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3163			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3164		}
3165
3166# Block comment * alignment
3167		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3168		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
3169		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
3170		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
3171		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
3172		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
3173			my $oldindent;
3174			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3175			if (defined($1)) {
3176				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3177			} else {
3178				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3179				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3180			}
3181			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3182			my $newindent = $1;
3183			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3184			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3185				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3186				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3187			}
3188		}
3189
3190# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3191# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3192		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3193		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3194		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3195		      $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3196		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3197		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3198		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3199		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3200		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3201		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3202		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3203			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3204				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3205			    $fix) {
3206				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3207			}
3208		}
3209
3210# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3211		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3212		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3213		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3214			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3215				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3216			    $fix) {
3217				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3218			}
3219
3220			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
3221		}
3222
3223# check for missing blank lines after declarations
3224		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&			#Not at char 1
3225			# actual declarations
3226		    ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3227			# function pointer declarations
3228		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3229			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3230		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3231			# known declaration macros
3232		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3233			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3234		    !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3235			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3236		      $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3237			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3238		      $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3239			# looks like a declaration
3240		    !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3241			# function pointer declarations
3242		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3243			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3244		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3245			# known declaration macros
3246		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3247			# start of struct or union or enum
3248		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3249			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3250		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3251			# bitfield continuation
3252		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3253			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3254		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
3255			# indentation of previous and current line are the same
3256		    (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
3257			if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3258				 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3259			    $fix) {
3260				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3261			}
3262		}
3263
3264# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3265# Exceptions:
3266#  1) within comments
3267#  2) indented preprocessor commands
3268#  3) hanging labels
3269		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3270			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3271			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3272				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3273			    $fix) {
3274				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3275			}
3276		}
3277
3278# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3279		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3280
3281# check for unusual line ending [ or (
3282		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3283			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3284			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3285		}
3286
3287# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3288		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3289		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3290			$context_function = $1;
3291		}
3292
3293# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3294		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3295			undef $context_function;
3296		}
3297
3298# check indentation of any line with a bare else
3299# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3300# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3301		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3302			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3303			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3304			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3305			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3306			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3307				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3308				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3309			}
3310		}
3311
3312# check indentation of a line with a break;
3313# if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3314		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3315			my $tabs = $1;
3316			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3317				WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3318				     "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3319			}
3320		}
3321
3322# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3323		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3324			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3325			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3326		}
3327
3328# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3329		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3330			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3331			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3332		}
3333
3334# Check for potential 'bare' types
3335		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3336		    $realline_next);
3337#print "LINE<$line>\n";
3338		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
3339		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3340			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3341				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3342			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3343			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3344
3345#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3346			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3347			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3348			# until we hit end of it.
3349			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3350			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3351#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3352				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3353			}
3354
3355			# Find the real next line.
3356			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3357			if (defined $realline_next &&
3358			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3359			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3360				$realline_next++;
3361			}
3362
3363			my $s = $stat;
3364			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3365
3366			# Ignore goto labels.
3367			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3368
3369			# Ignore functions being called
3370			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3371
3372			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3373
3374			# declarations always start with types
3375			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3376				my $type = $1;
3377				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3378				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3379
3380			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
3381			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3382				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3383			}
3384
3385			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3386			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3387				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3388			}
3389
3390			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
3391			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
3392			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3393			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3394				my ($name_len) = length($1);
3395
3396				my $ctx = $s;
3397				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3398				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3399
3400				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3401					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3402
3403						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3404					}
3405				}
3406			}
3407
3408		}
3409
3410#
3411# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3412#
3413
3414# Check for switch () and associated case and default
3415# statements should be at the same indent.
3416		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3417			my $err = '';
3418			my $sep = '';
3419			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3420			shift(@ctx);
3421			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3422				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3423				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3424							$indent != $cindent) {
3425					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3426					$sep = '';
3427				} else {
3428					$sep = "[...]\n";
3429				}
3430			}
3431			if ($err ne '') {
3432				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3433				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3434			}
3435		}
3436
3437# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3438# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3439		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3440			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3441
3442			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3443
3444			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3445				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3446				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3447			}
3448
3449			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3450			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3451
3452			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3453			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3454
3455			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3456					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3457					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3458				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3459				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3460				$ctx_ln++;
3461			}
3462
3463			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3464			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3465
3466			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3467				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3468				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3469					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3470			}
3471			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3472			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3473			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3474			{
3475				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3476				if ($nindent > $indent) {
3477					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3478					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3479						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3480				}
3481			}
3482		}
3483
3484# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3485		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3486			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3487				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3488					if (!defined $stat);
3489			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3490
3491			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3492
3493			# remove inline comments
3494			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3495			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3496
3497			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3498			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3499			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3500
3501			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3502			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3503			# where necessary.
3504			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3505			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3506				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3507			}
3508
3509			# We want to check the first line inside the block
3510			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3511			#  1) any blank line termination
3512			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3513			#  3) any do (...) {
3514			my $continuation = 0;
3515			my $check = 0;
3516			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3517			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3518			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3519				$continuation = 1;
3520			}
3521			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3522				$check = 1;
3523				$cond_lines++;
3524			}
3525
3526			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3527			# preprocessor statement.
3528			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3529			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3530				$check = 0;
3531			}
3532
3533			my $cond_ptr = -1;
3534			$continuation = 0;
3535			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3536				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3537
3538				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3539				# is not linear.
3540				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3541					$check = 0;
3542				}
3543
3544				# Ignore:
3545				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3546				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
3547				#  3) labels.
3548				if ($continuation ||
3549				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3550				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3551				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3552					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3553					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3554						$cond_lines++;
3555					}
3556				}
3557			}
3558
3559			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3560			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3561
3562			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3563			# this is not this patch's fault.
3564			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3565			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3566				$check = 0;
3567			}
3568			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3569				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3570			}
3571
3572			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3573
3574			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3575			    (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3576			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
3577			     ($sindent == $indent &&
3578			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
3579			     ($sindent > $indent + 8))) {
3580				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3581				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3582			}
3583		}
3584
3585		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3586		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3587		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3588				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3589		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3590		if ($dbg_values) {
3591			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3592			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3593			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3594			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3595		}
3596		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3597
3598#ignore lines not being added
3599		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3600
3601# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
3602		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
3603		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
3604			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
3605			my $ref = $1;
3606			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
3607			$ref .= $1;
3608			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
3609			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
3610			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
3611		}
3612
3613# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3614		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3615			my $type = $1;
3616			my $var = $2;
3617			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
3618			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3619				my $sign = $1;
3620				my $pointer = $2;
3621
3622				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3623
3624				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3625					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3626				    $fix) {
3627					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3628					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3629					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3630					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
3631					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3632					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3633				}
3634			}
3635		}
3636
3637# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3638		if ($dbg_type) {
3639			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3640				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3641				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3642			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3643				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3644				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3645			}
3646			next;
3647		}
3648# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3649		if ($dbg_attr) {
3650			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3651				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3652				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3653			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3654				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3655				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3656			}
3657			next;
3658		}
3659
3660# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3661		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3662		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3663			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3664				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3665			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3666				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3667				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3668				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3669				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3670				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3671				$fixedline = $line;
3672				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
3673				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3674			}
3675		}
3676
3677#
3678# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3679#
3680
3681# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3682		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3683			my $path = $1;
3684			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3685				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3686				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3687			}
3688			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3689				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3690				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3691			}
3692		}
3693
3694# no C99 // comments
3695		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3696			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3697				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3698			    $fix) {
3699				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3700				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3701					my $comment = trim($1);
3702					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3703				}
3704			}
3705		}
3706		# Remove C99 comments.
3707		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
3708		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3709
3710# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3711# the whole statement.
3712#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3713		if (defined $realline_next &&
3714		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3715		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3716		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3717		     $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3718			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3719			# a prefix:
3720			#   XXX(foo);
3721			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3722			my $name = $1;
3723			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3724			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3725#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3726				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3727
3728			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3729				\n.}\s*$|
3730				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3731				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3732				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3733				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3734				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3735			    )/x) {
3736#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3737				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3738			} else {
3739				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3740			}
3741		}
3742		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3743		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3744		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3745		     $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3746#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3747			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3748		}
3749		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3750		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3751			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3752			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3753		}
3754
3755# check for global initialisers.
3756		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3757			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3758				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3759			    $fix) {
3760				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3761			}
3762		}
3763# check for static initialisers.
3764		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3765			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3766				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3767				      $herecurr) &&
3768			    $fix) {
3769				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3770			}
3771		}
3772
3773# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3774		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3775			my $tmp = trim($1);
3776			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3777			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3778		}
3779
3780# check for static const char * arrays.
3781		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3782			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3783			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3784				$herecurr);
3785               }
3786
3787# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3788		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3789			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3790			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3791				$herecurr);
3792               }
3793
3794# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3795		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3796			my $found = $1;
3797			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3798				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3799				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3800			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3801				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3802				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3803			}
3804		}
3805
3806# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3807		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3808			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3809			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3810				$herecurr);
3811               }
3812
3813# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3814		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3815			my $array = $1;
3816			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3817				my $array_div = $1;
3818				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3819					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3820				    $fix) {
3821					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
3822				}
3823			}
3824		}
3825
3826# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
3827		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
3828			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
3829				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3830			    $fix) {
3831				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
3832			}
3833		}
3834
3835# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
3836# make sense.
3837		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
3838		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
3839		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
3840		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
3841		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
3842			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
3843			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
3844		}
3845
3846# * goes on variable not on type
3847		# (char*[ const])
3848		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
3849			#print "AA<$1>\n";
3850			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
3851
3852			# Should start with a space.
3853			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3854			# Should not end with a space.
3855			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3856			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3857			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3858			}
3859
3860##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3861			if ($from ne $to) {
3862				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3863					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3864				    $fix) {
3865					my $sub_from = $ident;
3866					my $sub_to = $ident;
3867					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3868					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3869					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3870				}
3871			}
3872		}
3873		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
3874			#print "BB<$1>\n";
3875			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
3876
3877			# Should start with a space.
3878			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3879			# Should not end with a space.
3880			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3881			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3882			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3883			}
3884			# Modifiers should have spaces.
3885			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
3886
3887##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3888			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
3889				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3890					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3891				    $fix) {
3892
3893					my $sub_from = $match;
3894					my $sub_to = $match;
3895					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3896					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3897					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3898				}
3899			}
3900		}
3901
3902# avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
3903		if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
3904			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3905			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3906			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
3907				      "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
3908		}
3909
3910# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
3911		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
3912			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
3913			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
3914		}
3915
3916# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
3917		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
3918			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
3919			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
3920		}
3921
3922# printk should use KERN_* levels
3923		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
3924			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
3925			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
3926		}
3927
3928		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3929			my $orig = $1;
3930			my $level = lc($orig);
3931			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3932			my $level2 = $level;
3933			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3934			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3935			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
3936		}
3937
3938		if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
3939			if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3940				 "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
3941			    $fix) {
3942				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3943				    s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
3944			}
3945		}
3946
3947		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3948			my $orig = $1;
3949			my $level = lc($orig);
3950			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3951			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3952			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
3953			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
3954		}
3955
3956# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
3957# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
3958# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
3959		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
3960			WARN("ENOSYS",
3961			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
3962		}
3963
3964# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
3965# or if closed on same line
3966		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
3967		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
3968		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
3969		    $sline !~ /}/) {
3970			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3971				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
3972			    $fix) {
3973				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3974				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
3975				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
3976				my $line1 = $1;
3977				my $line2 = $2;
3978				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
3979				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
3980				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
3981					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
3982				}
3983			}
3984		}
3985
3986# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
3987		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3988		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
3989			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3990				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3991			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3992				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3993				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3994				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
3995				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3996				$fixedline = $rawline;
3997				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
3998				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
3999					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4000				}
4001			}
4002		}
4003
4004# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4005		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4006			if (WARN("SPACING",
4007				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4008			    $fix) {
4009				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4010				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4011			}
4012		}
4013
4014# Function pointer declarations
4015# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4016# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4017		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4018			my $declare = $1;
4019			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4020			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4021			my $funcname = $4;
4022			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4023			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4024
4025# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4026# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4027# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4028			my $post_declare_space = "";
4029			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4030				$post_declare_space = $1;
4031				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4032			}
4033			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4034				WARN("SPACING",
4035				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4036				$post_declare_space = " ";
4037			}
4038
4039# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4040# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4041# equivalent to
4042#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4043# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4044#
4045#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4046#				WARN("SPACING",
4047#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4048#			}
4049
4050# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4051			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4052			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4053				WARN("SPACING",
4054				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4055			}
4056
4057# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4058			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4059			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4060				WARN("SPACING",
4061				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4062			}
4063
4064# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4065			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4066			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4067				WARN("SPACING",
4068				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4069			}
4070
4071# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4072			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4073			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4074				WARN("SPACING",
4075				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4076			}
4077
4078			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4079				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4080				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4081			}
4082		}
4083
4084# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4085#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4086#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4087#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4088		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4089			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4090			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4091			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4092			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4093				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4094					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4095				    $fix) {
4096				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4097					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4098				}
4099			}
4100		}
4101
4102# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4103		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4104			my $name = $1;
4105			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4106			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4107
4108			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4109			if ($name =~ /^(?:
4110				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4111				volatile|__volatile__|
4112				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
4113				asm|__asm__)$/x)
4114			{
4115			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4116			# if there is a space between the name and the open
4117			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4118			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4119
4120			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4121			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4122
4123			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
4124			# likely a typedef for a function.
4125			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4126
4127			} else {
4128				if (WARN("SPACING",
4129					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4130					     $fix) {
4131					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4132					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4133				}
4134			}
4135		}
4136
4137# Check operator spacing.
4138		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4139			my $fixed_line = "";
4140			my $line_fixed = 0;
4141
4142			my $ops = qr{
4143				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4144				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4145				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4146				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4147				\?:|\?|:
4148			}x;
4149			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4150
4151##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4152##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4153##				print("el: <$el>\n");
4154##			}
4155
4156			my @fix_elements = ();
4157			my $off = 0;
4158
4159			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4160				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4161				$off += length($el);
4162			}
4163
4164			$off = 0;
4165
4166			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4167			my $last_after = -1;
4168
4169			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4170
4171				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4172
4173##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4174
4175				$off += length($elements[$n]);
4176
4177				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4178				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4179				my $cc = '';
4180				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4181					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4182				}
4183				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4184
4185				my $a = '';
4186				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4187				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4188				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4189				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4190				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4191				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4192
4193				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4194
4195				my $c = '';
4196				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4197					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4198					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4199					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4200					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4201					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4202					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4203				} else {
4204					$c = 'E';
4205				}
4206
4207				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4208
4209				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4210
4211				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4212				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4213
4214				# Pull out the value of this operator.
4215				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4216
4217				# Get the full operator variant.
4218				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4219
4220				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4221				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4222				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4223
4224#				# Ignore comments
4225#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4226
4227				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4228				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
4229					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4230					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4231						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4232							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4233							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4234							$line_fixed = 1;
4235						}
4236					}
4237
4238				# // is a comment
4239				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
4240
4241				#   :   when part of a bitfield
4242				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
4243					# skip the bitfield test for now
4244
4245				# No spaces for:
4246				#   ->
4247				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
4248					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4249						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4250							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4251							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4252							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4253								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4254							}
4255							$line_fixed = 1;
4256						}
4257					}
4258
4259				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4260				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
4261					my $rtrim_before = 0;
4262					my $space_after = 0;
4263					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4264						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4265							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4266							$line_fixed = 1;
4267							$rtrim_before = 1;
4268						}
4269					}
4270					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4271						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4272							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4273							$line_fixed = 1;
4274							$last_after = $n;
4275							$space_after = 1;
4276						}
4277					}
4278					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4279						if ($rtrim_before) {
4280							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4281						} else {
4282							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4283						}
4284						if ($space_after) {
4285							$good .= " ";
4286						}
4287					}
4288
4289				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4290				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4291					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4292
4293				# unary operators should have a space before and
4294				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4295				# unary operator, or a cast
4296				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4297					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4298					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4299					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4300						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4301							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4302							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4303								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4304								$line_fixed = 1;
4305							}
4306						}
4307					}
4308					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4309						# A unary '*' may be const
4310
4311					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4312						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4313							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4314							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4315							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4316								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4317							}
4318							$line_fixed = 1;
4319						}
4320					}
4321
4322				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4323				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4324					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4325						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4326							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4327							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4328							$line_fixed = 1;
4329						}
4330					}
4331					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4332					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4333						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4334							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4335							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4336							$line_fixed = 1;
4337						}
4338					}
4339					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4340						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4341							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4342							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4343							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4344								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4345							}
4346							$line_fixed = 1;
4347						}
4348					}
4349
4350				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4351				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4352					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4353					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4354					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4355					 $op eq '%')
4356				{
4357					if ($check) {
4358						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4359							if (CHK("SPACING",
4360								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4361								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4362								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4363								$line_fixed = 1;
4364							}
4365						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4366							if (CHK("SPACING",
4367								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4368								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4369								$line_fixed = 1;
4370							}
4371						}
4372					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4373						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4374							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4375							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4376							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4377								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4378							}
4379							$line_fixed = 1;
4380						}
4381					}
4382
4383				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4384				# terminating a case value or a label.
4385				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4386					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4387						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4388							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4389							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4390							$line_fixed = 1;
4391						}
4392					}
4393
4394				# All the others need spaces both sides.
4395				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4396					my $ok = 0;
4397
4398					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4399					if (($op eq '<' &&
4400					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4401					    ($op eq '>' &&
4402					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4403					{
4404					    	$ok = 1;
4405					}
4406
4407					# for asm volatile statements
4408					# ignore a colon with another
4409					# colon immediately before or after
4410					if (($op eq ':') &&
4411					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4412						$ok = 1;
4413					}
4414
4415					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4416					if ($ok == 0) {
4417						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
4418						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4419
4420						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
4421								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4422							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4423							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4424								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4425							}
4426							$line_fixed = 1;
4427						}
4428					}
4429				}
4430				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4431
4432##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4433
4434				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4435			}
4436
4437			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4438				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4439			}
4440
4441			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4442				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4443			}
4444
4445
4446		}
4447
4448# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4449		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4450			if (WARN("SPACING",
4451				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4452			    $fix) {
4453				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4454				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4455			}
4456		}
4457
4458# check for multiple assignments
4459		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4460			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4461			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4462		}
4463
4464## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4465## # continuation.
4466## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4467## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4468##
4469## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4470## 			# falsly report the parameters of functions.
4471## 			my $ln = $line;
4472## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4473## 			}
4474## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4475## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4476##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4477## 			}
4478## 		}
4479
4480#need space before brace following if, while, etc
4481		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4482		    $line =~ /do\{/) {
4483			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4484				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4485			    $fix) {
4486				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|\)))\{/$1 {/;
4487			}
4488		}
4489
4490## # check for blank lines before declarations
4491##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4492##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4493##			WARN("SPACING",
4494##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4495##		}
4496##
4497
4498# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4499# on the line
4500		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
4501			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4502				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4503			    $fix) {
4504				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4505				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4506			}
4507		}
4508
4509# check spacing on square brackets
4510		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4511			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4512				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4513			    $fix) {
4514				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4515				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
4516			}
4517		}
4518		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4519			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4520				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4521			    $fix) {
4522				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4523				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
4524			}
4525		}
4526
4527# check spacing on parentheses
4528		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4529		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4530			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4531				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4532			    $fix) {
4533				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4534				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
4535			}
4536		}
4537		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4538		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4539		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4540			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4541				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4542			    $fix) {
4543				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4544				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
4545			}
4546		}
4547
4548# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4549# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4550
4551		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4552			my $var = $1;
4553			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4554				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4555			    $fix) {
4556				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4557			}
4558		}
4559
4560# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4561# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4562# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4563		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4564			my $var = $2;
4565			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4566				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4567			    $fix) {
4568				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4569				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4570				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4571			}
4572		}
4573
4574# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
4575# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
4576		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
4577		    $^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 && defined($stat) &&
4578		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
4579			my $if_stat = $1;
4580			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
4581			my $herectx;
4582			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
4583				my $match = $1;
4584				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
4585				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
4586				if (!defined($herectx)) {
4587					$herectx = $here . "\n";
4588					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
4589					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4590						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
4591						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
4592						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
4593					}
4594				}
4595				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4596				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
4597			}
4598		}
4599
4600#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4601		if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4602		   !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4603			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4604				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4605			    $fix) {
4606				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4607				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4608			}
4609		}
4610
4611# return is not a function
4612		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4613			my $spacing = $1;
4614			if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4615			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4616				my $value = $1;
4617				$value = deparenthesize($value);
4618				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4619					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4620					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4621				}
4622			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4623				ERROR("SPACING",
4624				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4625			}
4626		}
4627
4628# unnecessary return in a void function
4629# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4630# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4631		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4632		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4633		    $linenr >= 3 &&
4634		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4635		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4636			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4637			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4638               }
4639
4640# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4641		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4642		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4643			my $openparens = $1;
4644			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4645			my $msg = "";
4646			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4647				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4648				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4649				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4650				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4651			}
4652		}
4653
4654# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4655#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4656#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4657#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4658		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4659		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4660			my $lead = $1;
4661			my $const = $2;
4662			my $comp = $3;
4663			my $to = $4;
4664			my $newcomp = $comp;
4665			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4666			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4667			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4668				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4669			    $fix) {
4670				if ($comp eq "<") {
4671					$newcomp = ">";
4672				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4673					$newcomp = ">=";
4674				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4675					$newcomp = "<";
4676				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4677					$newcomp = "<=";
4678				}
4679				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4680			}
4681		}
4682
4683# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4684		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4685			my $name = $1;
4686			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4687				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4688				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4689			}
4690		}
4691
4692# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4693		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4694			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4695				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4696			    $fix) {
4697				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4698				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4699			}
4700		}
4701
4702# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4703# statements after the conditional.
4704		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4705			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4706				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4707					if (!defined $stat);
4708			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4709						$remain_next, $off_next);
4710			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4711			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4712
4713			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4714				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
4715				# then count those as offsets.
4716				my ($whitespace) =
4717					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4718				my $offset =
4719					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4720
4721				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4722								$offset} = 1;
4723			}
4724		}
4725		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4726		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4727		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4728			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4729
4730			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4731				ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4732				      "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4733			}
4734
4735			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4736			# conditional.
4737			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4738			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4739			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4740			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4741			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4742			{
4743				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4744				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4745				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4746				my $stat_real = '';
4747
4748				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4749							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4750				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4751					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4752				}
4753
4754				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4755				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4756			}
4757		}
4758
4759# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4760		if ($line =~ /
4761			(?:
4762				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4763				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4764				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4765			|
4766				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4767				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4768				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4769			)/x)
4770		{
4771			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4772			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4773		}
4774
4775# if and else should not have general statements after it
4776		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4777			my $s = $1;
4778			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4779			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4780				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4781				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4782			}
4783		}
4784# if should not continue a brace
4785		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4786			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4787			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4788				$herecurr);
4789		}
4790# case and default should not have general statements after them
4791		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4792		    $line !~ /\G(?:
4793			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4794			\s*return\s+
4795		    )/xg)
4796		{
4797			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4798			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4799		}
4800
4801		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4802		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
4803		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4804		    $previndent == $indent) {
4805			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4806				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4807			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4808				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4809				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4810				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4811				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4812				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4813					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4814				}
4815				$fixedline = $rawline;
4816				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4817				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4818			}
4819		}
4820
4821		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
4822		    $previndent == $indent) {
4823			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4824
4825			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4826			# conditional.
4827			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4828			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4829
4830			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
4831				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
4832					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4833				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4834					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4835					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4836					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4837					my $trailing = $rawline;
4838					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
4839					$trailing = trim($trailing);
4840					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
4841					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4842				}
4843			}
4844		}
4845
4846#Specific variable tests
4847		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
4848			my $var = $1;
4849
4850#gcc binary extension
4851			if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
4852				if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
4853					 "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
4854				    $fix) {
4855					my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
4856					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4857					    s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
4858				}
4859			}
4860
4861#CamelCase
4862			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
4863			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
4864#Ignore Page<foo> variants
4865			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
4866#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
4867			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
4868#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
4869			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
4870				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
4871					my $word = $1;
4872					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
4873					if ($check) {
4874						seed_camelcase_includes();
4875						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
4876							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
4877							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
4878						}
4879					}
4880					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
4881						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
4882						CHK("CAMELCASE",
4883						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
4884					}
4885				}
4886			}
4887		}
4888
4889#no spaces allowed after \ in define
4890		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
4891			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
4892				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
4893			    $fix) {
4894				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
4895			}
4896		}
4897
4898# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
4899# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
4900		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
4901			my $file = "$1.h";
4902			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
4903			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
4904			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
4905			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
4906			{
4907				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
4908				if ($asminclude > 0) {
4909					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
4910						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
4911						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4912					} else {
4913						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
4914						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4915					}
4916				}
4917			}
4918		}
4919
4920# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
4921# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
4922# in a known good container
4923		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4924		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
4925			my $ln = $linenr;
4926			my $cnt = $realcnt;
4927			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4928			my $ctx = '';
4929			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
4930			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
4931			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4932				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4933			$ctx = $dstat;
4934			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
4935			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
4936
4937			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
4938			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
4939
4940			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
4941			my $define_args = $1;
4942			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
4943			my @def_args = ();
4944
4945			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
4946				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
4947				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
4948				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
4949			}
4950
4951			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
4952			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4953			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
4954			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
4955
4956			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
4957			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
4958			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
4959			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
4960			{
4961			}
4962
4963			# Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
4964			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
4965			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
4966			{
4967			}
4968
4969			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
4970			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
4971
4972			my $exceptions = qr{
4973				$Declare|
4974				module_param_named|
4975				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
4976				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
4977				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
4978				__typeof__\(|
4979				union|
4980				struct|
4981				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
4982				^\"|\"$|
4983				^\[
4984			}x;
4985			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
4986
4987			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4988			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4989			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
4990
4991			if ($dstat ne '' &&
4992			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
4993			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
4994			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
4995			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
4996			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
4997			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
4998			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
4999			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5000			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5001			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5002			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5003			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5004			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5005			{
5006				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5007					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5008					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5009				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5010					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5011					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5012				} else {
5013					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5014					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5015				}
5016
5017			}
5018
5019			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5020			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5021			my $first = 1;
5022			$define_stmt = "";
5023			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5024				$l =~ s/\\$//;
5025				if ($first) {
5026					$define_stmt = $l;
5027					$first = 0;
5028				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5029					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5030				}
5031			}
5032			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5033			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5034			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5035
5036# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5037			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5038			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5039			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5040				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5041				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5042				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5043				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5044				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5045				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5046					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5047					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5048				    }
5049# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5050				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5051				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5052				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5053					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5054					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5055				}
5056			}
5057
5058# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5059# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5060			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5061				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5062				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5063
5064				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5065				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5066			}
5067
5068# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5069
5070		} else {
5071			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5072			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
5073			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
5074			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5075				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5076				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5077			}
5078		}
5079
5080# do {} while (0) macro tests:
5081# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5082# macro should not end with a semicolon
5083		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5084		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5085		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5086			my $ln = $linenr;
5087			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5088			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5089			my $ctx = '';
5090			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5091				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5092			$ctx = $dstat;
5093
5094			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5095			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5096
5097			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5098				my $stmts = $2;
5099				my $semis = $3;
5100
5101				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5102				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5103				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5104
5105				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5106				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5107					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5108					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5109				}
5110				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5111					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5112					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5113				}
5114			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5115				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5116				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5117				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5118
5119				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5120				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5121			}
5122		}
5123
5124# make sure symbols are always wrapped with VMLINUX_SYMBOL() ...
5125# all assignments may have only one of the following with an assignment:
5126#	.
5127#	ALIGN(...)
5128#	VMLINUX_SYMBOL(...)
5129		if ($realfile eq 'vmlinux.lds.h' && $line =~ /(?:(?:^|\s)$Ident\s*=|=\s*$Ident(?:\s|$))/) {
5130			WARN("MISSING_VMLINUX_SYMBOL",
5131			     "vmlinux.lds.h needs VMLINUX_SYMBOL() around C-visible symbols\n" . $herecurr);
5132		}
5133
5134# check for redundant bracing round if etc
5135		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5136			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5137				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5138			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5139			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5140			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5141				my @allowed = ();
5142				my $allow = 0;
5143				my $seen = 0;
5144				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5145				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5146				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5147					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5148
5149					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5150					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5151					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5152
5153					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
5154					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5155
5156					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5157					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5158
5159					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5160					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5161
5162					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5163
5164					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5165
5166					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5167					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5168						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5169						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5170					}
5171					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5172						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5173						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5174					}
5175					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5176						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5177						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5178					}
5179					$allow++;
5180				}
5181				if ($seen) {
5182					my $sum_allowed = 0;
5183					foreach (@allowed) {
5184						$sum_allowed += $_;
5185					}
5186					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5187						WARN("BRACES",
5188						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5189					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5190						 $seen != $allow) {
5191						CHK("BRACES",
5192						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5193					}
5194				}
5195			}
5196		}
5197		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5198					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5199			my $allowed = 0;
5200
5201			# Check the pre-context.
5202			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5203				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5204				$allowed = 1;
5205			}
5206
5207			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5208				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5209
5210			# Check the condition.
5211			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5212			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5213			if (defined $cond) {
5214				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5215			}
5216			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5217				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5218				$allowed = 1;
5219			}
5220			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5221				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5222				$allowed = 1;
5223			}
5224			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5225				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5226				$allowed = 1;
5227			}
5228			# Check the post-context.
5229			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
5230				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
5231				if (defined $cond) {
5232					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5233				}
5234				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
5235					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
5236					$allowed = 1;
5237				}
5238			}
5239			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
5240				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
5241				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5242
5243				WARN("BRACES",
5244				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
5245			}
5246		}
5247
5248# check for single line unbalanced braces
5249		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
5250		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
5251			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
5252		}
5253
5254# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
5255		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
5256			if (CHK("BRACES",
5257				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5258			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
5259				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5260			}
5261		}
5262		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
5263			if (CHK("BRACES",
5264				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5265			    $fix) {
5266				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5267			}
5268		}
5269
5270# no volatiles please
5271		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
5272		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
5273			WARN("VOLATILE",
5274			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5275		}
5276
5277# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
5278# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
5279# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
5280# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
5281		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
5282		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
5283		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
5284			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
5285				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
5286				     $fix &&
5287				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
5288				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
5289				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5290				my $comma_close = "";
5291				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
5292					$comma_close = $1;
5293				}
5294
5295				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5296				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5297				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5298				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
5299				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
5300				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
5301				$fixedline = $rawline;
5302				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
5303				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
5304					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5305				}
5306				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
5307			}
5308		}
5309
5310# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
5311		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
5312			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
5313			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
5314		}
5315
5316# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
5317# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
5318# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
5319# function declarations
5320		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
5321		    defined($context_function) &&
5322		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
5323		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
5324			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
5325			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
5326		}
5327
5328# check for spaces before a quoted newline
5329		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5330			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5331				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5332			    $fix) {
5333				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5334			}
5335
5336		}
5337
5338# concatenated string without spaces between elements
5339		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5340			CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5341			    "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr);
5342		}
5343
5344# uncoalesced string fragments
5345		if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5346			WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5347			     "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr);
5348		}
5349
5350# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
5351		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
5352		my $show_Z = 1;
5353		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5354			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5355			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5356			# check for %L
5357			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
5358				WARN("PRINTF_L",
5359				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
5360				$show_L = 0;
5361			}
5362			# check for %Z
5363			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
5364				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
5365				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
5366				$show_Z = 0;
5367			}
5368			# check for 0x<decimal>
5369			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
5370				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
5371				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5372			}
5373		}
5374
5375# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5376		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5377			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5378			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5379		}
5380
5381# warn about #if 0
5382		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5383			CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE",
5384			    "if this code is redundant consider removing it\n" .
5385				$herecurr);
5386		}
5387
5388# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5389		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5390			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5391			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5392			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5393				my $func = $1;
5394				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5395					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5396				    $fix) {
5397					my $do_fix = 1;
5398					my $leading_tabs = "";
5399					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5400					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5401						$leading_tabs = $1;
5402					} else {
5403						$do_fix = 0;
5404					}
5405					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5406						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
5407						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5408							$do_fix = 0;
5409						}
5410					} else {
5411						$do_fix = 0;
5412					}
5413					if ($do_fix) {
5414						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5415						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5416					}
5417				}
5418			}
5419		}
5420
5421# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5422		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5423		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5424		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5425		    $linenr > 3) {
5426			my $testval = $2;
5427			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5428
5429			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5430#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5431
5432			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*(?:devm_)?(?:[kv][czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)?\b|kstrdup|kmemdup|(?:dev_)?alloc_skb)/) {
5433				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5434				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5435			}
5436		}
5437
5438# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5439		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5440		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5441			my $level = $1;
5442			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5443				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5444			    $fix) {
5445				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5446			}
5447		}
5448
5449# check for logging continuations
5450		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
5451			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
5452			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
5453		}
5454
5455# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5456		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5457		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5458		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5459			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5460			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5461		}
5462
5463# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5464		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0) {
5465			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5466				my $val = $1;
5467				my $equal = "!";
5468				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5469				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5470					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5471					    $fix) {
5472					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5473				}
5474			}
5475		}
5476
5477# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5478		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5479			my $attr = $1;
5480			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5481				my $ptr = $1;
5482				my $var = $2;
5483				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5484				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5485					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5486				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5487				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5488					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5489				    $fix) {
5490					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5491				}
5492			}
5493		}
5494
5495# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5496		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5497			my $attr = $1;
5498			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5499			my $attr_prefix = $1;
5500			my $attr_type = $2;
5501			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5502				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5503			    $fix) {
5504				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5505				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5506			}
5507		}
5508
5509# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5510		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5511			my $attr = $1;
5512			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5513				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5514			    $fix) {
5515				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5516				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5517				$lead = rtrim($1);
5518				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5519				$lead = "${lead}const ";
5520				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5521			}
5522		}
5523
5524# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5525		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5526		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5527			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5528				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5529			    $fix) {
5530				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5531			}
5532		}
5533
5534# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5535		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5536		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5537			my $constant_func = $1;
5538			my $func = $constant_func;
5539			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5540			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5541				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5542			    $fix) {
5543				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5544			}
5545		}
5546
5547# prefer usleep_range over udelay
5548		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5549			my $delay = $1;
5550			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
5551			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5552				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5553				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5554			}
5555			if ($delay > 2000) {
5556				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5557				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5558			}
5559		}
5560
5561# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5562		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5563			if ($1 < 20) {
5564				WARN("MSLEEP",
5565				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5566			}
5567		}
5568
5569# check for comparisons of jiffies
5570		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5571			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5572			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5573		}
5574
5575# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5576		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5577			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5578			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5579		}
5580
5581# warn about #ifdefs in C files
5582#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5583#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5584#			print "$herecurr";
5585#			$clean = 0;
5586#		}
5587
5588# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5589		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5590			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5591				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5592			    $fix) {
5593				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5594				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5595			}
5596
5597		}
5598
5599# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5600		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5601		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5602			my $which = $1;
5603			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5604				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5605				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5606			}
5607		}
5608# check for memory barriers without a comment.
5609
5610		my $barriers = qr{
5611			mb|
5612			rmb|
5613			wmb|
5614			read_barrier_depends
5615		}x;
5616		my $barrier_stems = qr{
5617			mb__before_atomic|
5618			mb__after_atomic|
5619			store_release|
5620			load_acquire|
5621			store_mb|
5622			(?:$barriers)
5623		}x;
5624		my $all_barriers = qr{
5625			(?:$barriers)|
5626			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5627			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5628		}x;
5629
5630		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5631			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5632				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5633				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5634			}
5635		}
5636
5637		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5638
5639		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5640		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5641		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5642		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5643			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5644			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5645		}
5646
5647# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5648		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5649			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5650				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5651				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5652			}
5653		}
5654
5655# check for smp_read_barrier_depends and read_barrier_depends
5656		if (!$file && $line =~ /\b(smp_|)read_barrier_depends\s*\(/) {
5657			WARN("READ_BARRIER_DEPENDS",
5658			     "$1read_barrier_depends should only be used in READ_ONCE or DEC Alpha code\n" . $herecurr);
5659		}
5660
5661# check of hardware specific defines
5662		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5663			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5664			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5665		}
5666
5667# check that the storage class is not after a type
5668		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
5669			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5670			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
5671		}
5672# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5673		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
5674		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
5675		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
5676		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
5677			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5678			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
5679		}
5680
5681# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5682# storage class and type.
5683		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5684		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5685			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5686			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5687		}
5688
5689# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5690		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5691		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5692			if (WARN("INLINE",
5693				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5694			    $fix) {
5695				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5696
5697			}
5698		}
5699
5700# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5701		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5702		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5703			WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5704			     "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5705		}
5706
5707# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5708		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5709		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5710			WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5711			     "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5712		}
5713
5714# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5715		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5716		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5717			if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5718				 "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5719			    $fix) {
5720				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5721
5722			}
5723		}
5724
5725# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5726		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5727		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5728			if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5729				 "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5730			    $fix) {
5731				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5732			}
5733		}
5734
5735# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5736		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5737		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5738		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5739		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5740			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5741			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5742		}
5743
5744# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
5745		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5746		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
5747		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5748			my $type = $1;
5749			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5750				$type = $1;
5751				my $kernel_type = 'u';
5752				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5753				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
5754				$kernel_type .= $1;
5755				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5756					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5757				    $fix) {
5758					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5759				}
5760			}
5761		}
5762
5763# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
5764		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
5765			my $cast = $1;
5766			my $const = $2;
5767			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
5768				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
5769			    $fix) {
5770				my $suffix = "";
5771				my $newconst = $const;
5772				$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
5773				$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
5774				if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
5775					$suffix .= 'LL';
5776				} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
5777					$suffix .= 'L';
5778				}
5779				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
5780			}
5781		}
5782
5783# check for sizeof(&)
5784		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5785			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5786			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5787		}
5788
5789# check for sizeof without parenthesis
5790		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5791			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5792				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5793			    $fix) {
5794				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5795			}
5796		}
5797
5798# check for struct spinlock declarations
5799		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5800			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5801			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5802		}
5803
5804# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5805		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5806			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5807			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5808			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
5809				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
5810					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
5811				    $fix) {
5812					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
5813				}
5814			}
5815		}
5816
5817# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
5818		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5819		    defined $stat &&
5820		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
5821		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
5822			my $specifier;
5823			my $extension;
5824			my $bad_specifier = "";
5825			my $stat_real;
5826
5827			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5828			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5829		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5830				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
5831				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5832
5833				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w))/g) {
5834					$specifier = $1;
5835					$extension = $2;
5836					if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEhMmIiUDdgVCbGNOx]/) {
5837						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
5838						last;
5839					}
5840					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
5841						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
5842							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5843						}
5844						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
5845						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5846					}
5847				}
5848				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
5849					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5850					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
5851					my $use = "";
5852					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
5853						$ext_type = "Deprecated";
5854						$use = " - use %pS instead";
5855						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
5856					}
5857
5858					WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
5859					     "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5860				}
5861			}
5862		}
5863
5864# Check for misused memsets
5865		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5866		    defined $stat &&
5867		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5868
5869			my $ms_addr = $2;
5870			my $ms_val = $7;
5871			my $ms_size = $12;
5872
5873			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
5874				ERROR("MEMSET",
5875				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5876			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
5877				WARN("MEMSET",
5878				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5879			}
5880		}
5881
5882# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
5883#		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5884#		    defined $stat &&
5885#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5886#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
5887#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5888#			    $fix) {
5889#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
5890#			}
5891#		}
5892
5893# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
5894#		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5895#		    defined $stat &&
5896#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5897#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
5898#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
5899#		}
5900
5901# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
5902# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
5903#		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5904#		    defined $stat &&
5905#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5906#
5907#			my $ms_val = $7;
5908#
5909#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
5910#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
5911#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5912#				    $fix) {
5913#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
5914#				}
5915#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
5916#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
5917#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5918#				    $fix) {
5919#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
5920#				}
5921#			}
5922#		}
5923
5924# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
5925		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5926		    defined $stat &&
5927		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5928			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
5929				my $call = $1;
5930				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
5931				my $arg1 = $3;
5932				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
5933				my $arg2 = $8;
5934				my $cast;
5935
5936				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
5937					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
5938				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
5939					$cast = $cast1;
5940				} else {
5941					$cast = $cast2;
5942				}
5943				WARN("MINMAX",
5944				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5945			}
5946		}
5947
5948# check usleep_range arguments
5949		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5950		    defined $stat &&
5951		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
5952			my $min = $1;
5953			my $max = $7;
5954			if ($min eq $max) {
5955				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5956				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5957			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
5958				 $min > $max) {
5959				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5960				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5961			}
5962		}
5963
5964# check for naked sscanf
5965		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5966		    defined $stat &&
5967		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
5968		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
5969		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
5970		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
5971			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5972			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5973			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5974			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
5975			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5976		}
5977
5978# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
5979		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5980		    defined $stat &&
5981		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
5982			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5983			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5984			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5985			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
5986				my $format = $6;
5987				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
5988				if ($count == 1 &&
5989				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
5990					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
5991					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5992				}
5993			}
5994		}
5995
5996# check for new externs in .h files.
5997		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
5998		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
5999			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6000				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6001			    $fix) {
6002				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6003			}
6004		}
6005
6006# check for new externs in .c files.
6007		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6008		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6009		{
6010			my $function_name = $1;
6011			my $paren_space = $2;
6012
6013			my $s = $stat;
6014			if (defined $cond) {
6015				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6016			}
6017			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
6018			    $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
6019			{
6020				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6021				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6022			}
6023
6024			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6025				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6026				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6027			}
6028
6029		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6030		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6031		{
6032			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6033			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6034		}
6035
6036# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6037		if (defined $stat &&
6038		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6039		    $1 ne "void") {
6040			my $args = trim($1);
6041			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6042				my $arg = trim($1);
6043				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6044					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6045					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6046				}
6047			}
6048		}
6049
6050# check for function definitions
6051		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6052		    defined $stat &&
6053		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6054			$context_function = $1;
6055
6056# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6057			my $ok = 0;
6058			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6059			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6060			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6061				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6062				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6063				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6064				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6065				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6066			}
6067			if (!$ok) {
6068				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6069				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6070			}
6071		}
6072
6073# checks for new __setup's
6074		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6075			my $name = $1;
6076
6077			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6078				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6079				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6080			}
6081		}
6082
6083# check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
6084		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
6085			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6086			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6087		}
6088
6089# alloc style
6090# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6091		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6092		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6093			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6094			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6095		}
6096
6097# check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6098		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6099		    defined $stat &&
6100		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6101			my $oldfunc = $3;
6102			my $a1 = $4;
6103			my $a2 = $10;
6104			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
6105			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6106			my $r1 = $a1;
6107			my $r2 = $a2;
6108			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6109				$r1 = $a2;
6110				$r2 = $a1;
6111			}
6112			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6113			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6114				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6115				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6116
6117				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6118					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6119				    $cnt == 1 &&
6120				    $fix) {
6121					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
6122				}
6123			}
6124		}
6125
6126# check for krealloc arg reuse
6127		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6128		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
6129			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
6130			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
6131		}
6132
6133# check for alloc argument mismatch
6134		if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
6135			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
6136			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
6137		}
6138
6139# check for multiple semicolons
6140		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
6141			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
6142				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
6143			    $fix) {
6144				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
6145			}
6146		}
6147
6148# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
6149		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6150		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
6151			my $ull = "";
6152			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
6153			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
6154				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
6155			    $fix) {
6156				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
6157			}
6158		}
6159
6160# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
6161		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
6162			my $config = $1;
6163			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
6164				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
6165			    $fix) {
6166				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
6167			}
6168		}
6169
6170# check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
6171		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
6172			my $has_break = 0;
6173			my $has_statement = 0;
6174			my $count = 0;
6175			my $prevline = $linenr;
6176			while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
6177				$prevline--;
6178				my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
6179				my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
6180				last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
6181				next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
6182				next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
6183				$has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
6184				next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
6185				$has_statement = 1;
6186				$count++;
6187				$has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|exit\s*\(\b|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
6188			}
6189			if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
6190				WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
6191				     "Possible switch case/default not preceded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6192			}
6193		}
6194
6195# check for switch/default statements without a break;
6196		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6197		    defined $stat &&
6198		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
6199			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6200			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6201
6202			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
6203			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
6204		}
6205
6206# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
6207		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
6208			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
6209				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
6210			    $fix) {
6211				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
6212			}
6213		}
6214
6215# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
6216		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
6217			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
6218			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
6219		}
6220
6221# check for use of yield()
6222		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6223			WARN("YIELD",
6224			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
6225		}
6226
6227# check for comparisons against true and false
6228		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
6229			my $lead = $1;
6230			my $arg = $2;
6231			my $test = $3;
6232			my $otype = $4;
6233			my $trail = $5;
6234			my $op = "!";
6235
6236			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
6237
6238			my $type = lc($otype);
6239			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
6240				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
6241				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
6242					$op = "";
6243				}
6244
6245				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
6246				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
6247
6248## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
6249##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
6250
6251			}
6252		}
6253
6254# check for bool bitfields
6255		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+bool\s*$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*;/) {
6256			WARN("BOOL_BITFIELD",
6257			     "Avoid using bool as bitfield.  Prefer bool bitfields as unsigned int or u<8|16|32>\n" . $herecurr);
6258		}
6259
6260# check for semaphores initialized locked
6261		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
6262			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
6263			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
6264		}
6265
6266# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
6267		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
6268			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
6269			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
6270		}
6271
6272# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
6273		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
6274			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
6275			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
6276		}
6277
6278# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
6279# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
6280		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
6281		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
6282			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
6283			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
6284		}
6285
6286# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
6287# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
6288		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6289		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6290		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6291		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6292		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6293		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
6294		{
6295			WARN("NR_CPUS",
6296			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
6297		}
6298
6299# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
6300		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
6301			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
6302			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
6303		}
6304
6305# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
6306		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6307		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
6308			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6309			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
6310		}
6311
6312# whine mightly about in_atomic
6313		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
6314			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
6315				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
6316				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
6317			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
6318				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
6319				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
6320			}
6321		}
6322
6323# check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
6324		if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
6325			ERROR("LOCKING",
6326			      "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
6327		}
6328
6329# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
6330		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
6331		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
6332			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
6333			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
6334			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
6335				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
6336				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
6337			}
6338		}
6339
6340		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
6341		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
6342			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6343			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6344		}
6345
6346# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
6347# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
6348# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
6349		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6350		    defined $stat &&
6351		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
6352			my $var = $1;
6353			my $perms = $2;
6354			my $show = $3;
6355			my $store = $4;
6356			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
6357			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6358			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6359			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
6360				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
6361					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
6362				    $fix) {
6363					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
6364				}
6365			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6366				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6367				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
6368				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
6369					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6370				    $fix) {
6371					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
6372				}
6373			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6374				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6375				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6376				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
6377					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6378				    $fix) {
6379					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
6380				}
6381			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
6382				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
6383				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6384				my $newshow = "$show";
6385				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
6386				my $newstore = $store;
6387				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
6388				my $rename = "";
6389				if ($show ne $newshow) {
6390					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
6391				}
6392				if ($store ne $newstore) {
6393					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
6394				}
6395				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
6396				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
6397			} else {
6398				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
6399				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
6400			}
6401		}
6402
6403# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
6404# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
6405# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
6406#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
6407# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
6408#   use the default permissions
6409		if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
6410		    defined $stat &&
6411		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
6412			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
6413				my $func = $entry->[0];
6414				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
6415
6416				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6417				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6418				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6419
6420				my $skip_args = "";
6421				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
6422					$arg_pos--;
6423					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
6424				}
6425				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
6426				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
6427					my $val = $1;
6428					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
6429					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
6430					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
6431					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
6432						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
6433						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6434					}
6435					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
6436						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6437						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6438					}
6439				}
6440			}
6441		}
6442
6443# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
6444		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
6445			my $oval = $1;
6446			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
6447			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
6448				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
6449			    $fix) {
6450				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
6451			}
6452		}
6453
6454# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6455		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6456			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6457			my $valid_licenses = qr{
6458						GPL|
6459						GPL\ v2|
6460						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6461						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6462						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6463						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6464						Proprietary
6465					}x;
6466			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6467				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6468				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6469			}
6470		}
6471	}
6472
6473	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6474	# so just keep quiet.
6475	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6476		exit(0);
6477	}
6478
6479	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6480	# things that appear to be patches.
6481	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6482		exit(0);
6483	}
6484
6485	# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6486	# just keep quiet.
6487	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6488		exit(0);
6489	}
6490
6491	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6492		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6493		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6494	}
6495	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
6496		ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6497		      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6498	}
6499
6500	print report_dump();
6501	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6502		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6503		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6504			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6505			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6506	}
6507
6508	if ($quiet == 0) {
6509		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6510		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6511			print << "EOM"
6512
6513NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6514      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6515EOM
6516		}
6517		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6518		# then suggest that.
6519		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6520			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
6521			print << "EOM"
6522
6523NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6524      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6525EOM
6526		}
6527	}
6528
6529	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6530	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6531	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6532		my $newfile = $filename;
6533		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6534		my $linecount = 0;
6535		my $f;
6536
6537		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6538
6539		open($f, '>', $newfile)
6540		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6541		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6542			$linecount++;
6543			if ($file) {
6544				if ($linecount > 3) {
6545					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6546					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6547				}
6548			} else {
6549				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6550			}
6551		}
6552		close($f);
6553
6554		if (!$quiet) {
6555			print << "EOM";
6556
6557Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6558
6559Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6560Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6561
6562This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6563No warranties, expressed or implied...
6564EOM
6565		}
6566	}
6567
6568	if ($quiet == 0) {
6569		print "\n";
6570		if ($clean == 1) {
6571			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6572		} else {
6573			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6574		}
6575	}
6576	return $clean;
6577}
6578