1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #include <endian.h>
18 #include <limits.h>
19 #include <stdatomic.h>
20 #include <stddef.h>
21 
22 #include "private/bionic_futex.h"
23 
24 // This file contains C++ ABI support functions for one time
25 // constructors as defined in the "Run-time ABI for the ARM Architecture"
26 // section 4.4.2
27 //
28 // ARM C++ ABI and Itanium/x86 C++ ABI has different definition for
29 // one time construction:
30 //
31 //    ARM C++ ABI defines the LSB of guard variable should be tested
32 //    by compiler-generated code before calling __cxa_guard_acquire et al.
33 //
34 //    The Itanium/x86 C++ ABI defines the low-order _byte_ should be
35 //    tested instead.
36 //
37 //    Meanwhile, guard variable are 32bit aligned for ARM, and 64bit
38 //    aligned for x86.
39 //
40 // Reference documentation:
41 //
42 //    section 3.2.3 of ARM IHI 0041C (for ARM)
43 //    section 3.3.2 of the Itanium C++ ABI specification v1.83 (for x86).
44 //
45 // There is no C++ ABI available for other ARCH. But the gcc source
46 // shows all other ARCH follow the definition of Itanium/x86 C++ ABI.
47 
48 #if defined(__arm__)
49 // The ARM C++ ABI mandates that guard variables are 32-bit aligned, 32-bit
50 // values. The LSB is tested by the compiler-generated code before calling
51 // __cxa_guard_acquire.
52 union _guard_t {
53   atomic_int state;
54   int32_t aligner;
55 };
56 
57 #else
58 // The Itanium/x86 C++ ABI (used by all other architectures) mandates that
59 // guard variables are 64-bit aligned, 64-bit values. The LSB is tested by
60 // the compiler-generated code before calling __cxa_guard_acquire.
61 union _guard_t {
62   atomic_int state;
63   int64_t aligner;
64 };
65 
66 #endif
67 
68 // Set construction state values according to reference documentation.
69 // 0 is the initialization value.
70 // Arm requires ((*gv & 1) == 1) after __cxa_guard_release, ((*gv & 3) == 0) after __cxa_guard_abort.
71 // X86 requires first byte not modified by __cxa_guard_acquire, first byte is non-zero after
72 // __cxa_guard_release.
73 
74 #define CONSTRUCTION_NOT_YET_STARTED                0
75 #define CONSTRUCTION_COMPLETE                       1
76 #define CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITHOUT_WAITER    0x100
77 #define CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITH_WAITER       0x200
78 
__cxa_guard_acquire(_guard_t * gv)79 extern "C" int __cxa_guard_acquire(_guard_t* gv) {
80   int old_value = atomic_load_explicit(&gv->state, memory_order_acquire);
81   // In the common CONSTRUCTION_COMPLETE case we have to ensure that all the stores performed by
82   // the construction function are observable on this CPU after we exit. A similar constraint may
83   // apply in the CONSTRUCTION_NOT_YET_STARTED case with a prior abort.
84 
85   while (true) {
86     if (old_value == CONSTRUCTION_COMPLETE) {
87       return 0;
88     } else if (old_value == CONSTRUCTION_NOT_YET_STARTED) {
89       if (!atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit(&gv->state, &old_value,
90                                                   CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITHOUT_WAITER,
91                                                   memory_order_acquire /* or relaxed in C++17 */,
92                                                   memory_order_acquire)) {
93         continue;
94       }
95       return 1;
96     } else if (old_value == CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITHOUT_WAITER) {
97       if (!atomic_compare_exchange_weak_explicit(&gv->state, &old_value,
98                                                  CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITH_WAITER,
99                                                  memory_order_acquire /* or relaxed in C++17 */,
100                                                  memory_order_acquire)) {
101         continue;
102       }
103     }
104 
105     __futex_wait_ex(&gv->state, false, CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITH_WAITER);
106     old_value = atomic_load_explicit(&gv->state, memory_order_acquire);
107   }
108 }
109 
__cxa_guard_release(_guard_t * gv)110 extern "C" void __cxa_guard_release(_guard_t* gv) {
111   // Release fence is used to make all stores performed by the construction function
112   // visible in other threads.
113   int old_value = atomic_exchange_explicit(&gv->state, CONSTRUCTION_COMPLETE, memory_order_release);
114   if (old_value == CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITH_WAITER) {
115     __futex_wake_ex(&gv->state, false, INT_MAX);
116   }
117 }
118 
__cxa_guard_abort(_guard_t * gv)119 extern "C" void __cxa_guard_abort(_guard_t* gv) {
120   // Release fence is used to make all stores performed by the construction function
121   // visible in other threads.
122   int old_value = atomic_exchange_explicit(&gv->state, CONSTRUCTION_NOT_YET_STARTED, memory_order_release);
123   if (old_value == CONSTRUCTION_UNDERWAY_WITH_WAITER) {
124     __futex_wake_ex(&gv->state, false, INT_MAX);
125   }
126 }
127