Android是一种基于Linux的自由及开放源代码的操作系统，主要使用于移动设备，如智能手机和平板电脑，由Google公司和开放手机联盟领导及开发。
开发的时候遇到了这个问题，记录下下次就知道了。这个是因为在 sdk22 以后的版本不在支持了！！！
程序包 org.apache.http.conn.util 不存在，然后搜索了下，在 app 的 build.gradle 文件中加上useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy' 就可以了。
如下：
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android { compileSdkVersion 23 buildToolsVersion '23.0.3' useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy' defaultConfig { applicationId "com.ah.woyi" minSdkVersion 14 targetSdkVersion 21 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } |
Android Studio 3.2.1 上 vuh 库使用的例子，首先使用 基于Vulkan的GPGPU计算框架Vuh 编译出 Android 版本的动态库，然后依照如下步骤建立工程。
如果使用cmake构建项目,配置如下：
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# macOS `brew install ccache` ubuntu `apt-get install ccache` $ export ANDROID_NDK_HOME=~/Library/Android/sdk/ndk-bundle $ cmake .. \ -DNDK_CCACHE=ccache \ -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$ANDROID_NDK_HOME/build/cmake/android.toolchain.cmake \ -DANDROID_ABI="armeabi-v7a" \ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \ -DANDROID_STL=c++_static \ -DANDROID_NATIVE_API_LEVEL=android-24 \ -DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang $ make -j4 |
也就是定义NDK_CCACHE=ccache。
如果使用ndk-build构建项目，配置如下：
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# macOS `brew install ccache` ubuntu `apt-get install ccache` $ export NDK_CCACHE=ccache $ export USE_CCACHE=1 $ ndk-build |
也就是增加两个环境变量。
不指定缓存目录的情况下，缓存文件的目录一般在当前用户名下的.ccache目录下,时间长了，可能会产生很多的缓存文件，需要定时清理，当然也可以限制缓存的最大大小，让ccache根据需要进行淘汰。
最近在学习Vulkan,根据Google官方给出的文档，是存在一些问题的，总结一下：
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# 官方文档说要检出 git clone https://github.com/googlesamples/vulkan-basic-samples.git # 实际上 vulkan-basic-samples.git 是 VulkanSamples.git 的一个fork，google简化了部分编译流程 # vulkan-basic-samples.git检出后，直接用 Android Studio打开即可 # https://github.com/SaschaWillems/Vulkan.git也存在一个例子工程 # 但是貌似根正苗红的是VulkanSamples这个例子 $ git clone https://github.com/LunarG/VulkanSamples.git $ cd VulkanSamples $ cd API-Samples # 最后在当前目录下生成一个 android 的目录，用Android Studio导入这个目录下的工程 # 也就是 "VulkanSamples/API-Samples/android" 这个目录是我们的工程目录 $ cmake -DANDROID=ON -DABI_NAME=armeabi-v7a |
在使用Android Studio 3.2.1 结合 NDK r16/r18编译代码时候出现如下警告：
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<built-in>: In function 'float abs(float)': <built-in>: warning: conflicts with previous declaration here [-Wattributes] |
关键是出现警告的代码文件中并不一定存在abs函数的调用。
这个警告产生的条件是在编译器中指定了STL，并且指定编译器为GCC，调用的源代码文件中恰好有STL的代码。
类似如下：
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externalNativeBuild { cmake { cppFlags "-DANDROID_ARM_NEON=TRUE", "-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=gcc", "-DANDROID_PLATFORM=android-21", "-DANDROID_STL=c++_static" abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a' } } |
原因在于新版本的NDK r16/r18中，对于GCC部分的适配已经不是非常完善了，已经逐步迁移到CLANG(LLVM)了。导致STL进行编译的时候，会出现一些警告信息。这个警告信息是STL库的警告信息，跟我们自己的代码没有关系。
只需要指定 "-DANDROID_TOOLCHAIN=clang" 即可解决这个问题。
NDK r13, -fexceptions -Wall --> warning: conflicts with previous declaration
在用Android Studio 3.2.1导入以前的项目，进行编译的时候，报告如下错误信息：
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FAILURE: Build failed with an exception. * What went wrong: A problem occurred configuring project ':app'. > No toolchains found in the NDK toolchains folder for ABI with prefix: mips64el-linux-android * Try: Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights. * Get more help at https://help.gradle.org CONFIGURE FAILED in 5s No toolchains found in the NDK toolchains folder for ABI with prefix: mips64el-linux-android |
这个错误信息的原因是从NDK r17版本开始，已经不支持"armeabi、mips、mips64"这三种ABI格式了，而当前机器上安装的NDK版本是NDK r17之后的版本。
不过这个提示很能迷惑人，会让人误以为自己的build.gradle中配置了MIPS的ABI。实际上根本没有配置，是低版本的构建工具自己在默认构建MIPS格式，而又找不到对应的工具链。
解决方法很简单，要么使用低于NDK r17的NDK版本，要么修改主工程的build.gradle,找到如下
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// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. configure(allprojects) { buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0' } } repositories { jcenter() } } |
将其中的
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classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0' |
修改成
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classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.1' |
高版本的构建工具，才能适配高版本的NDK。
在用Android Studio 3.2.1导入以前的项目，进行编译的时候，报告如下错误信息：
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FAILURE: Build failed with an exception. * What went wrong: A problem occurred configuring project ':app'. > ABIs [armeabi] are not supported for platform. Supported ABIs are [arm64-v8a, armeabi-v7a, x86, x86_64]. * Try: Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights. * Get more help at https://help.gradle.org BUILD FAILED in 0s |
问题发生的原因在于以前的代码在build.gradle中指定了abiFilters 'armeabi',但是从NDK r17版本开始，已经不支持"armeabi、mips、mips64"这三种ABI了。
虽然可以简单的修改成abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a'，来解决问题，但是我们更希望能有一个办法，在老版本的支持abiFilters 'armeabi'的NDK上继续使用abiFilters 'armeabi'进行编译，用来兼容老设备。而在只支持abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a'的设备上，我们使用abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a'保证能编译通过。
我们通过执行NDK目录下的ndk-which输出的支持的ABI列表的方式获取当前的NDK是否支持abiFilters 'armeabi'，如果不支持，我们就设置为abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a'。
在使用Android Studio开发Android项目的时候，我们有时候需要在build.gradle中增加一部分日志，来分析编译执行情况。
早期版本只能使用logger对象输出内容，如下：
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logger.quiet('An info log message which is always logged.') logger.error('An error log message.') logger.warn('A warning log message.') logger.lifecycle('A lifecycle info log message.') logger.info('An info log message.') logger.debug('A debug log message.') logger.trace('A trace log message.') |
目前最新的gradle 4.6版本已经支持println函数输出日志，如下：
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println 'A message which is logged at QUIET level' |
只是，目前的Android Studio 3.2.1版本中，默认情况下，输出信息被简化了，导致我们找不到添加的输出内容。
只需要点击Build选项卡中的Toggle view选项，就可以看到我们的输出了。
具体操作如下图：
继续阅读Android Studio 3.2.1在build.gradle中输出自定义日志&查看构建日志
目前的最新Android Studio 3.2.1版本在编译Vulkan时报告错误"Could not find com.android.tools.build:aapt2:3.2.1-4818971"，详细错误信息如下：
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org.gradle.api.UncheckedIOException: Failed to capture snapshot of input files for task ':examples/:radialblur:mergeDebugResources' property 'aapt2FromMaven' during up-to-date check. at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.snapshotTaskFiles(CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.java:331) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.createExecution(CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.java:151) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.access$100(CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.java:61) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository$1.getCurrentExecution(CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.java:111) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.changes.DefaultTaskArtifactStateRepository$TaskArtifactStateImpl.getStates(DefaultTaskArtifactStateRepository.java:208) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.changes.DefaultTaskArtifactStateRepository$TaskArtifactStateImpl.isUpToDate(DefaultTaskArtifactStateRepository.java:93) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:50) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:59) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:101) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.FinalizeInputFilePropertiesTaskExecuter.execute(FinalizeInputFilePropertiesTaskExecuter.java:44) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.execute(CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.java:91) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:62) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:59) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker$1.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:256) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:249) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:238) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.processTask(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:123) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.access$200(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:79) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:104) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:663) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:597) at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98) at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63) at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.DefaultLenientConfiguration$ArtifactResolveException: Could not resolve all files for configuration ':examples/:radialblur:_internal_aapt2_binary'. at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration.rethrowFailure(DefaultConfiguration.java:944) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration.access$1600(DefaultConfiguration.java:120) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration$ConfigurationFileCollection.getFiles(DefaultConfiguration.java:918) at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.iterator(AbstractFileCollection.java:68) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.AbstractFileCollectionSnapshotter$FileCollectionVisitorImpl.visitCollection(AbstractFileCollectionSnapshotter.java:72) at org.gradle.api.internal.file.AbstractFileCollection.visitRootElements(AbstractFileCollection.java:234) at org.gradle.api.internal.file.CompositeFileCollection.visitRootElements(CompositeFileCollection.java:185) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.AbstractFileCollectionSnapshotter.snapshot(AbstractFileCollectionSnapshotter.java:55) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.DefaultGenericFileCollectionSnapshotter.snapshot(DefaultGenericFileCollectionSnapshotter.java:38) at org.gradle.api.internal.changedetection.state.CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.snapshotTaskFiles(CacheBackedTaskHistoryRepository.java:329) ... 36 more Caused by: org.gradle.internal.resolve.ModuleVersionNotFoundException: Could not find com.android.tools.build:aapt2:3.2.1-4818971. Searched in the following locations: file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971.pom file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971-osx.jar file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/google/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971.pom file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/google/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971-osx.jar file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/android/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971.pom file:/Users/user/Library/Android/sdk/extras/android/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971-osx.jar https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971.pom https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/aapt2/3.2.1-4818971/aapt2-3.2.1-4818971-osx.jar Required by: project :examples/:radialblur at org.gradle.internal.resolve.result.DefaultBuildableComponentResolveResult.notFound(DefaultBuildableComponentResolveResult.java:38) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.ivyresolve.RepositoryChainComponentMetaDataResolver.resolveModule(RepositoryChainComponentMetaDataResolver.java:108) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.ivyresolve.RepositoryChainComponentMetaDataResolver.resolve(RepositoryChainComponentMetaDataResolver.java:63) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.ComponentResolversChain$ComponentMetaDataResolverChain.resolve(ComponentResolversChain.java:93) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.clientmodule.ClientModuleResolver.resolve(ClientModuleResolver.java:60) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.ComponentState.resolve(ComponentState.java:163) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.ComponentState.getMetaData(ComponentState.java:174) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.EdgeState.calculateTargetConfigurations(EdgeState.java:137) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.EdgeState.attachToTargetConfigurations(EdgeState.java:108) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.DependencyGraphBuilder.attachToTargetRevisionsSerially(DependencyGraphBuilder.java:236) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.DependencyGraphBuilder.resolveEdges(DependencyGraphBuilder.java:226) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.DependencyGraphBuilder.traverseGraph(DependencyGraphBuilder.java:140) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.graph.builder.DependencyGraphBuilder.resolve(DependencyGraphBuilder.java:111) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.resolveengine.DefaultArtifactDependencyResolver.resolve(DefaultArtifactDependencyResolver.java:92) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.DefaultConfigurationResolver.resolveGraph(DefaultConfigurationResolver.java:146) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.ShortCircuitEmptyConfigurationResolver.resolveGraph(ShortCircuitEmptyConfigurationResolver.java:73) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.ivyservice.ErrorHandlingConfigurationResolver.resolveGraph(ErrorHandlingConfigurationResolver.java:66) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration$4.run(DefaultConfiguration.java:494) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:199) at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:110) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration.resolveGraphIfRequired(DefaultConfiguration.java:485) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration.resolveToStateOrLater(DefaultConfiguration.java:470) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration.access$1700(DefaultConfiguration.java:120) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration$ConfigurationFileCollection.getSelectedArtifacts(DefaultConfiguration.java:927) at org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.configurations.DefaultConfiguration$ConfigurationFileCollection.getFiles(DefaultConfiguration.java:915) ... 43 more |
导致问题的原因为源代码根目录下的build.gradle中缺少对于google源服务器的配置（话说，貌似以前版本的都在jcenter中可以找到，最新版本的，好像没有上传到jcenter服务器了，估计是google的商业策略了，在此不多做评述）
打开该文件里面的内容显示如下：
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// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.3' // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong // in the individual module build.gradle files } } allprojects { repositories { jcenter() } } |
解决方法为在allprojects字段中增加google()源服务器。
修改后的配置变更如下：
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// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.3' // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong // in the individual module build.gradle files } } allprojects { repositories { google() jcenter() } } |
最近在ubuntu 16.04下执行adb shell，时候报告如下错误：
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$ adb shell * daemon not running. starting it now on port 5037 * * daemon started successfully * error: insufficient permissions for device |
sudo执行即可解决此问题。|
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$ sudo adb kill-server $ sudo adb shell |