深海游弋的鱼 – 第 2 页

使用pip安装模块时提示：No module named pip

系统输入cmd：
windows 解决方法：

python -m ensurepip

1	python -m ensurepip

升级pip版本:

pip install --upgrade pip

1	pip install --upgrade pip

linux解决方法：

$ python -m ensurepip

$ sudo easy_install pip

$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip

$ python -m ensurepip

$ sudo easy_install pip

$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip

参考链接

使用pip安装模块时提示： No module named pip

Python发送form-data请求提交表单数据

最近在处理服务器接口的时候，需要使用Python模拟发送表单数据到服务器，搜索了一下，找到如下例子：

# encoding=utf8
import urllib
import urllib2
import httplib
import os

HOST = 'xx.xx.xx.xx'
PORT = 8000
P_ID = xx
U_NAME = 'xxx'
API_KEY = 'xxx'
API_SEC = 'xxx'
UP_APK = xx

def sign(src, key):
  HEX_CHARS = [ '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' ]
  from hashlib import sha1
  import hmac
  hashed = hmac.new(key, src, sha1)
  sv = str(hashed.digest())
  ret = ''
  for b in bytearray(sv):
    bite = b & 0xff
    ret += HEX_CHARS[ bite >> 4 ]
    ret += HEX_CHARS[ bite & 0xf ]
  return ret

def encode_multipart_formdata(fields, files):
  """
  fields is a sequence of (name, value) elements for regular form fields.
  files is a sequence of (name, filename, value) elements for data to be uploaded as files
  Return (content_type, body) ready for httplib.HTTP instance
  """
  import random
  BOUNDARY = '----------%s' % ''.join(random.sample('0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 62))
  CRLF = '\r\n'
  L = []
  for (key, value) in fields:
    L.append('--' + BOUNDARY)
    L.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key)
    L.append('')
    L.append(value)
  for (key, filename, value) in files:
    L.append('--' + BOUNDARY)
    L.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"; filename="%s"' % (key, filename))
    L.append('Content-Type: %s' % get_content_type(filename))
    L.append('')
    L.append(value)
  L.append('--' + BOUNDARY + '--')
  L.append('')
  body = CRLF.join(L)
  content_type = 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % BOUNDARY
  return content_type, body, BOUNDARY

def get_content_type(filename):
  import mimetypes
  return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or 'application/octet-stream'

def post_apk_sign(apk_file):
  filename = os.path.basename(apk_file)
  url = 'http://' + HOST + ':' + str(PORT) + 'xxx'
  fields = [('un', U_NAME), ('p_id', str(P_ID)), ('up_type', str(UP_APK))]
  with open(apk_file, 'r') as f:
    files = [('apk_file', filename, f.read())]
  content_type, body, boundary = encode_multipart_formdata(fields, files)
  si = sign(API_KEY + str(P_ID) + str(UP_APK) + U_NAME, API_SEC)
  # print si
  req = urllib2.Request(url)
  req.add_header('api_key', API_KEY)
  req.add_header('sign', si)
  req.add_header('Content-Type', 'multipart/form-data; boundary='+boundary)
  resp = urllib2.urlopen(req, body)
  res = resp.read()
  print res

if __name__=='__main__':
  # b38d73bb278800dd3c0c3cf11ad20c106d17944c
  # print(sign(b'123test123456', b'456'))

  apk_file = 'xxx.apk'
  post_apk_sign(apk_file)

# encoding=utf8

import urllib

import urllib2

import httplib

import os

HOST = 'xx.xx.xx.xx'

PORT = 8000

P_ID = xx

U_NAME = 'xxx'

API_KEY = 'xxx'

API_SEC = 'xxx'

UP_APK = xx

def sign(src, key):

HEX_CHARS = [ '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' ]

from hashlib import sha1

import hmac

hashed = hmac.new(key, src, sha1)

sv = str(hashed.digest())

ret = ''

for b in bytearray(sv):

bite = b & 0xff

ret += HEX_CHARS[ bite >> 4 ]

ret += HEX_CHARS[ bite & 0xf ]

return ret

def encode_multipart_formdata(fields, files):

"""

fields is a sequence of (name, value) elements for regular form fields.

files is a sequence of (name, filename, value) elements for data to be uploaded as files

Return (content_type, body) ready for httplib.HTTP instance

"""

import random

BOUNDARY = '----------%s' % ''.join(random.sample('0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 62))

CRLF = '\r\n'

L = []

for (key, value) in fields:

L.append('--' + BOUNDARY)

L.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key)

L.append('')

L.append(value)

for (key, filename, value) in files:

L.append('--' + BOUNDARY)

L.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"; filename="%s"' % (key, filename))

L.append('Content-Type: %s' % get_content_type(filename))

L.append('')

L.append(value)

L.append('--' + BOUNDARY + '--')

L.append('')

body = CRLF.join(L)

content_type = 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % BOUNDARY

return content_type, body, BOUNDARY

def get_content_type(filename):

import mimetypes

return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or 'application/octet-stream'

def post_apk_sign(apk_file):

filename = os.path.basename(apk_file)

url = 'http://' + HOST + ':' + str(PORT) + 'xxx'

fields = [('un', U_NAME), ('p_id', str(P_ID)), ('up_type', str(UP_APK))]

with open(apk_file, 'r') as f:

files = [('apk_file', filename, f.read())]

content_type, body, boundary = encode_multipart_formdata(fields, files)

si = sign(API_KEY + str(P_ID) + str(UP_APK) + U_NAME, API_SEC)

# print si

req = urllib2.Request(url)

req.add_header('api_key', API_KEY)

req.add_header('sign', si)

req.add_header('Content-Type', 'multipart/form-data; boundary='+boundary)

resp = urllib2.urlopen(req, body)

res = resp.read()

print res

if __name__=='__main__':

# b38d73bb278800dd3c0c3cf11ad20c106d17944c

# print(sign(b'123test123456', b'456'))

apk_file = 'xxx.apk'

post_apk_sign(apk_file)

参考链接

ubuntu 18.04系统报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal'

重新安装的ubuntu 18.04系统上初次安装python3-pip之后，执行升级命令，出现如下错误信息：

$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip

$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pip3", line 7, in <module>
    from pip._internal import main
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal'

$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip

$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/local/bin/pip3", line 7, in <module>

from pip._internal import main

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal'

解决方法为重新升级安装一次 pip，如下：

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

1	$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

参考链接

No module named 'pip._internal.cli.main'

使用mitmproxy + python做拦截代理

本文是一个较为完整的 mitmproxy 教程，侧重于介绍如何开发拦截脚本，帮助读者能够快速得到一个自定义的代理工具。

本文假设读者有基本的 python 知识，且已经安装好了一个 python 3 开发环境。如果你对 nodejs 的熟悉程度大于对 python，可移步到 anyproxy，anyproxy 的功能与 mitmproxy 基本一致，但使用 js 编写定制脚本。除此之外我就不知道有什么其他类似的工具了，如果你知道，欢迎评论告诉我。

本文基于 mitmproxy v4，当前版本号为 v4.0.1。

继续阅读使用mitmproxy + python做拦截代理

读取的XML节点中带有冒号怎么办？

昨天，编程读取XML的时候，遇上了类似下面的一段XML

<a:root xmlns:a="http://ww.abc.com/">
    <a:book>aaaa</a:book>
</a:root>

<a:root xmlns:a="http://ww.abc.com/">

<a:book>aaaa</a:book>

</a:root>

起初没有特别的留意，于是乎就像平时读取XML一样使用了。

 var ele = from item in xDoc.Descendants("a:book") select item;

1	var ele = from item in xDoc.Descendants("a:book") select item;

但是，运行报错，不允许传入冒号：之类的字符，后来查阅资料发现，节点中，冒号前的a代表是的命名空间，冒号后的才是根节点名称。在Root节点中，也对命名空间进行了声明 xmlns:a="http://ww.abc.com/" ，知道了这么一回事后，再来看看如何去读取，正确的读取是：

 XDocument xDoc = XDocument.Load("a.xml");
 XNamespace n = @"http://www.abc.com";
 var ele = from item in xDoc.Descendants(n + "book")
           select item.Value;

XDocument xDoc = XDocument.Load("a.xml");

XNamespace n = @"http://www.abc.com";

var ele = from item in xDoc.Descendants(n + "book")

select item.Value;

从代码可以看出，我声明了一个XNamespace类型的变量，并且把XML文件中出现的命名空间 http://ww.abc.com/ 赋值给它，然后再读取节点的时候，与真正的节点名称book进行拼接就可以了！

XML中出现命名空间的原因是，当你需要使用多个XML一起工作时，由于两个文档都包含带有不同内容和定义的节点元素，就会发生命名冲突，加上命名空间使用可以避免发生冲突，这与C#编程中类的命名空间的用处差不多。

另外，如果需要了解更多操作XML的可以访问下面这篇文章，写得很详细：

http://www.cnblogs.com/nsky/archive/2013/03/05/2944725.html

参考链接

在Visual Studio Code中对Python进行单元测试(Pytest)

1.打开项目的时候，选择打开目录 "Open folder...", 这样可以在项目目录下生成 ".vscode" 目录，如下图：

继续阅读在Visual Studio Code中对Python进行单元测试(Pytest)

全功能Python测试框架：pytest

python通用测试框架大多数人用的是unittest+HTMLTestRunner，这段时间看到了pytest文档，发现这个框架和丰富的plugins很好用，所以来学习下pytest.

继续阅读全功能Python测试框架：pytest

python读取excel,获得下拉选中所有选项

利用python获取excel中所有下拉选（drop down）中的值，在百度搜了一下午，都没找到合适的方法，还是google靠谱给力，很快就找到解决办法了，分享一下，供有需要的同行参考。

继续阅读python读取excel,获得下拉选中所有选项

Python操作Excel

Python使用openpyxl-3.0.3复制Excel的一行内容并且插入到下一行，包含公式，下拉框，示例代码如下：

# coding=utf-8
# openpyxl-3.0.3
from openpyxl.reader.excel import load_workbook
from openpyxl.cell.cell import TYPE_FORMULA
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
from openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range import CellRange
import re
import copy

def insert_rows(self, row_idx, cnt, above=False, copy_style=True, copy_merged_columns=True, fill_formulae=True):
    """Inserts new (empty) rows into worksheet at specified row index.

    :param row_idx: Row index specifying where to insert new rows.
    :param cnt: Number of rows to insert.
    :param above: Set True to insert rows above specified row index.
    :param copy_style: Set True if new rows should copy style of immediately above row.
    :param fill_formulae: Set True if new rows should take on formula from immediately above row, filled with references new to rows.

    Usage:

    * insert_rows(2, 10, above=True, copy_style=False)

    """
    CELL_RE  = re.compile("(?P<col>\$?[A-Z]+)(?P<row>\$?\d+)")

    row_idx = row_idx - 1 if above else row_idx
    def replace(m):
        row = m.group('row')
        prefix = "$" if row.find("$") != -1 else ""
        row = int(row.replace("$", ""))
        row += cnt if row > row_idx else 0
        return m.group('col') + prefix + str(row)

    # First, we shift all cells down cnt rows...
    old_cells = set()
    old_fas = set()
    new_cells = dict()
    new_fas = dict()
    for c in self._cells.values():

        old_coor = c.coordinate

        # Shift all references to anything below row_idx
        if c.data_type == TYPE_FORMULA:
            c.value = CELL_RE.sub(
                replace,
                c.value
            )
            # Here, we need to properly update the formula references to reflect new row indices
            if old_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' in self.formula_attributes[old_coor]:
                self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref'] = CELL_RE.sub(
                    replace,
                    self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref']
                )

        # Do the magic to set up our actual shift
        if c.row > row_idx:
            old_coor = c.coordinate 
            old_cells.add((c.row, c.column))
            c.row += cnt
            new_cells[(c.row, c.column)] = c
            if old_coor in self.formula_attributes:
                old_fas.add(old_coor)
                fa = copy.copy(self.formula_attributes[old_coor])
                new_fas[c.coordinate] = fa

    for coor in old_cells:
        del self._cells[coor]
    self._cells.update(new_cells)

    for fa in old_fas:
        del self.formula_attributes[fa]
    self.formula_attributes.update(new_fas)

    # Next, we need to shift all the Row Dimensions below our new rows down by cnt...
    # CHANGED: for row in range(len(self.row_dimensions) - 1 + cnt, row_idx + cnt, -1):
    for row in range(list(self.row_dimensions)[-1] + cnt, row_idx + cnt, -1):
        new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row - cnt])
        new_rd.index = row
        self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd
        del self.row_dimensions[row - cnt]

    # Now, create our new rows, with all the pretty cells
    # CHANGED: row_idx += 1
    new_row_idx = row_idx + 1
    for row in range(new_row_idx, new_row_idx + cnt):
        # Create a Row Dimension for our new row
        new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-1])
        new_rd.index = row
        self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd

        # CHANGED: for col in range(1,self.max_column):
        for col in range(self.max_column):
            col = col + 1
            cell = self.cell(row=row, column=col)
            source = self.cell(row=row_idx, column=col)
            if copy_style:
                cell.number_format = copy.copy(source.number_format)
                cell.font = copy.copy(source.font)
                cell.alignment = copy.copy(source.alignment)
                cell.border = copy.copy(source.border)
                cell.fill = copy.copy(source.fill)
            if fill_formulae and TYPE_FORMULA == source.data_type :
                s_coor = source.coordinate
                if s_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' not in self.formula_attributes[s_coor]:
                    fa = copy.copy(self.formula_attributes[s_coor])
                    self.formula_attributes[cell.coordinate] = fa
                #print("Copying formula from cell %s%d to %s%d"%(col,row-1,col,row))
                cell.value = re.sub(
                    "(\$?[A-Z]{1,3}\$?)%d" % (row_idx),
                    lambda m: m.group(1) + str(row),
                    source.value
                ) 
                cell.data_type = TYPE_FORMULA

    # Check for Merged Cell Ranges that need to be expanded to contain new cells
    for cr in self.merged_cells.ranges:
        min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds
        if min_row <= row_idx and max_row > row_idx:
            if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
            else:
                cr.expand(down = cnt)
        elif min_row > row_idx:
            if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
            else:
                cr.expand(down = cnt)
            cr.shrink(top = cnt)

    # Merge columns of the new rows in the same way row above does
    if copy_merged_columns:
        bounds = [] 
        for cr in self.merged_cells.ranges:
            if cr.max_row == cr.min_row == row_idx:
                bounds.append((cr.min_col, cr.max_col))
        for (min_col, max_col) in bounds:
            for row in range(new_row_idx, new_row_idx + cnt):
                newCellRange = get_column_letter(min_col) + str(row) + ":" + get_column_letter(max_col) + str(row)
                self.merge_cells(newCellRange)

    # update dataValidation
    validations = self.data_validations.dataValidation
    for val in validations: 
        for cr in val.cells:
            min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds
            if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:
                if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                    cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
                else:
                    cr.expand(down = cnt)
            elif min_row > row_idx:
                if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                    cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
                else:
                    cr.expand(down = cnt)
                cr.shrink(top = cnt)

    # update conditional_formatting tow steps
    # first get all conditional_formatting need to update
    cond_fmts = self.conditional_formatting
    upd_cfs = []
    for cf in cond_fmts: 
        for cr in cf.cells:
            min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds
            if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:
                upd_cfs.append(cf)
                break
            elif min_row > row_idx:
                upd_cfs.append(cf)
                break

    # second update conditional_formatting
    for cf in upd_cfs:
        rules = cond_fmts[cf]
        del cond_fmts[cf.cells]
        for cr in cf.cells:
            min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds
            if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:
                if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                    cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
                else:
                    cr.expand(down = cnt)
            elif min_row > row_idx:
                if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:
                    cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)
                else:
                    cr.expand(down = cnt)
                cr.shrink(top = cnt)
        for r in rules:
            cond_fmts[cf] = r


Worksheet.insert_rows = insert_rows

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 注意，keep_vba=True打开的Excel文档，保存之后，MS Office 无法打开
    wb = load_workbook(filename='example.xlsx', read_only=False, keep_vba=False, data_only=False, keep_links=True)
    ws = wb.active
    ws.insert_rows(6, 4, above=True, copy_style=True)
    wb.save('new_document.xlsx')
    wb.close()

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

# coding=utf-8

# openpyxl-3.0.3

from openpyxl.reader.excel import load_workbook

from openpyxl.cell.cell import TYPE_FORMULA

from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet

from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter

from openpyxl.worksheet.cell_range import CellRange

import re

import copy

def insert_rows(self, row_idx, cnt, above=False, copy_style=True, copy_merged_columns=True, fill_formulae=True):

"""Inserts new (empty) rows into worksheet at specified row index.

:param row_idx: Row index specifying where to insert new rows.

:param cnt: Number of rows to insert.

:param above: Set True to insert rows above specified row index.

:param copy_style: Set True if new rows should copy style of immediately above row.

:param fill_formulae: Set True if new rows should take on formula from immediately above row, filled with references new to rows.

Usage:

* insert_rows(2, 10, above=True, copy_style=False)

"""

CELL_RE = re.compile("(?P<col>\$?[A-Z]+)(?P<row>\$?\d+)")

row_idx = row_idx - 1 if above else row_idx

def replace(m):

row = m.group('row')

prefix = "$" if row.find("$") != -1 else ""

row = int(row.replace("$", ""))

row += cnt if row > row_idx else 0

return m.group('col') + prefix + str(row)

# First, we shift all cells down cnt rows...

old_cells = set()

old_fas = set()

new_cells = dict()

new_fas = dict()

for c in self._cells.values():

old_coor = c.coordinate

# Shift all references to anything below row_idx

if c.data_type == TYPE_FORMULA:

c.value = CELL_RE.sub(

replace,

c.value

)

# Here, we need to properly update the formula references to reflect new row indices

if old_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' in self.formula_attributes[old_coor]:

self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref'] = CELL_RE.sub(

replace,

self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref']

)

# Do the magic to set up our actual shift

if c.row > row_idx:

old_coor = c.coordinate

old_cells.add((c.row, c.column))

c.row += cnt

new_cells[(c.row, c.column)] = c

if old_coor in self.formula_attributes:

old_fas.add(old_coor)

fa = copy.copy(self.formula_attributes[old_coor])

new_fas[c.coordinate] = fa

for coor in old_cells:

del self._cells[coor]

self._cells.update(new_cells)

for fa in old_fas:

del self.formula_attributes[fa]

self.formula_attributes.update(new_fas)

# Next, we need to shift all the Row Dimensions below our new rows down by cnt...

# CHANGED: for row in range(len(self.row_dimensions) - 1 + cnt, row_idx + cnt, -1):

for row in range(list(self.row_dimensions)[-1] + cnt, row_idx + cnt, -1):

new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row - cnt])

new_rd.index = row

self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd

del self.row_dimensions[row - cnt]

# Now, create our new rows, with all the pretty cells

# CHANGED: row_idx += 1

new_row_idx = row_idx + 1

for row in range(new_row_idx, new_row_idx + cnt):

# Create a Row Dimension for our new row

new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-1])

new_rd.index = row

self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd

# CHANGED: for col in range(1,self.max_column):

for col in range(self.max_column):

col = col + 1

cell = self.cell(row=row, column=col)

source = self.cell(row=row_idx, column=col)

if copy_style:

cell.number_format = copy.copy(source.number_format)

cell.font = copy.copy(source.font)

cell.alignment = copy.copy(source.alignment)

cell.border = copy.copy(source.border)

cell.fill = copy.copy(source.fill)

if fill_formulae and TYPE_FORMULA == source.data_type :

s_coor = source.coordinate

if s_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' not in self.formula_attributes[s_coor]:

fa = copy.copy(self.formula_attributes[s_coor])

self.formula_attributes[cell.coordinate] = fa

#print("Copying formula from cell %s%d to %s%d"%(col,row-1,col,row))

cell.value = re.sub(

"(\$?[A-Z]{1,3}\$?)%d" % (row_idx),

lambda m: m.group(1) + str(row),

source.value

)

cell.data_type = TYPE_FORMULA

# Check for Merged Cell Ranges that need to be expanded to contain new cells

for cr in self.merged_cells.ranges:

min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds

if min_row <= row_idx and max_row > row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

elif min_row > row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

cr.shrink(top = cnt)

# Merge columns of the new rows in the same way row above does

if copy_merged_columns:

bounds = []

for cr in self.merged_cells.ranges:

if cr.max_row == cr.min_row == row_idx:

bounds.append((cr.min_col, cr.max_col))

for (min_col, max_col) in bounds:

for row in range(new_row_idx, new_row_idx + cnt):

newCellRange = get_column_letter(min_col) + str(row) + ":" + get_column_letter(max_col) + str(row)

self.merge_cells(newCellRange)

# update dataValidation

validations = self.data_validations.dataValidation

for val in validations:

for cr in val.cells:

min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds

if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

elif min_row > row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

cr.shrink(top = cnt)

# update conditional_formatting tow steps

# first get all conditional_formatting need to update

cond_fmts = self.conditional_formatting

upd_cfs = []

for cf in cond_fmts:

for cr in cf.cells:

min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds

if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:

upd_cfs.append(cf)

break

elif min_row > row_idx:

upd_cfs.append(cf)

break

# second update conditional_formatting

for cf in upd_cfs:

rules = cond_fmts[cf]

del cond_fmts[cf.cells]

for cr in cf.cells:

min_col, min_row, max_col, max_row = cr.bounds

if min_row <= row_idx and max_row >= row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

elif min_row > row_idx:

if max_row + cnt >= CellRange.max_row.max:

cr.expand(down = CellRange.max_row.max - max_row)

else:

cr.expand(down = cnt)

cr.shrink(top = cnt)

for r in rules:

cond_fmts[cf] = r

Worksheet.insert_rows = insert_rows

if __name__ == "__main__":

# 注意，keep_vba=True打开的Excel文档，保存之后，MS Office 无法打开

wb = load_workbook(filename='example.xlsx', read_only=False, keep_vba=False, data_only=False, keep_links=True)

ws = wb.active

ws.insert_rows(6, 4, above=True, copy_style=True)

wb.save('new_document.xlsx')

wb.close()

参考链接

Visual Studio Code调试Python无法Step Into导入(imported)模块的代码

Visual Studio Code调试Python无法Step Into导入(imported)外部模块的代码，导致在跟踪调用流程的时候非常不方便。

这个现象是Visual Studio Code为了防止调试的时候过多的关注不相干代码，因此默认禁止跟踪外部模块代码，只跟踪我们自己工程内部的代码。

禁止这部分功能，只需要在工程的配置文件launch.json中增加"justMyCode": false即可。

如下：

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [

        {
            "name": "Python: 当前文件",
            "type": "python",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${file}",
            "console": "integratedTerminal",
            "justMyCode": false
        }
    ]
}

{

// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.

// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.

// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387

"version": "0.2.0",

"configurations": [

{

"name": "Python: 当前文件",

"type": "python",

"request": "launch",

"program": "${file}",

"console": "integratedTerminal",

"justMyCode": false

}

]

}

2025 年 2 月
一	二	三	四	五	六	日
					1	2
3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
17	18	19	20	21	22	23
24	25	26	27	28